The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Screening for depression in primary care with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): A systematic review
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a leading cause of disability. International guidelines recommend screening for depression and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) has been identified as the most reliable screening tool. We reviewed the evidence for using it within the primary care setting. METHODS We retrieved studies from MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library that carried out primary care-based depression screening using PHQ-9 in populations older than 12, from 1995 to 2018. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included in the systematic review. Most of the studies were cross-sectional (N=40, 95%), conducted in high-income countries (N=27, 71%) and recruited adult populations (N=38, 90%). The accuracy of the PHQ-9 was evaluated in 31 (74%) studies with a two-stage screening system, with structured interview most often carried out by primary care and mental health professionals. Most of the studies employed a cut-off score of 10 (N=24, 57%, total range 5 - 15). The overall sensitivity of PHQ-9 ranged from 0.37 to 0.98, specificity from 0.42 to 0.99, positive predictive value from 0.09 to 0.92, and negative predictive value from 0.8 to 1. LIMITATIONS Lack of longitudinal studies, small sample size, and the heterogeneity of primary-care settings limited the generalizability of our results. CONCLUSIONS PHQ-9 has been widely validated and is recommended in a two-stage screening process. Longitudinal studies are necessary to provide evidence of long-term screening effectiveness.
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Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
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Villarreal-Zegarra, D., Barrera-Begazo, J., Otazú-Alfaro, S., Mayo-Puchoc, N., Bazo-Alvarez, J. C., & Huarcaya-Victoria, J. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076193 · Cited by 93
Ma, S., Yang, J., Yang, B., Kang, L., Wang, P., Zhang, N., Wang, W., Zong, X., Wang, Y., Bai, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.747139 · Cited by 91
Wang, Y., Wang, X., Wang, K., Qi, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., Gu, L., Yu, R., et al. (2023) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-023-02728-8 · Cited by 55
Vlachou, E., Ntikoudi, A., Owens, D. A., Nikolakopoulou, M., Chalimourdas, T., & Cauli, O. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108185 · Cited by 48
Suicide risk screening tools for pediatric patients: a systematic review of test accuracy
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Metadata
- Authors
- Costantini, L., Pasquarella, C., Odone, A., Colucci, M. E., Costanza, A., Serafini, G., Aguglia, A., Belvederi Murri, M., Brakoulias, V., Amore, M., Ghaemi, S. N., & Amerio, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 279
- Pages
- 473-483
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3092036847
- Cited by
- 733
- References
- 61
- FWCI
- 8.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Costantini, L., Pasquarella, C., Odone, A., Colucci, M. E., Costanza, A., Serafini, G., Aguglia, A., Belvederi Murri, M., Brakoulias, V., Amore, M., Ghaemi, S. N., & Amerio, A. (2021). Screening for depression in primary care with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.131
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