Emotional working memory training improves cognitive inhibitory abilities in individuals with borderline personality trait: A randomized parallel-group trial
Abstract
Background Cognitive inhibition impairment is one of the causes of impulsive behaviors in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotional working memory training (EWMT) on cognitive inhibition in individuals with a clinically significant borderline personality trait. Methods In a randomized, parallel-group trial, 40 individuals with borderline personality trait, were selected out of 1000 screened individuals and were randomly assigned to the experimental (N = 20) and waiting-list control (N = 20) groups based on the score on the Borderline Personality Scale and the follow-up Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of EWMT and the control group did not receive any intervention (waiting list). Participants completed the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) and Go/No-Go task Before and after the intervention. Results EWMT significantly reduced reaction time of incongruent trials in the SCWT and commission errors in the Go/No-Go task after the intervention only in the experimental group. Furthermore, the interference score in SCWT and commission error rate at the post-intervention time were significantly lower for the experimental vs the waitlist group. Limitations The single-blind design and absence of follow-up measures. Conclusions EWMT can improve cognitive inhibition in individuals with borderline personality trait and could be used for therapeutic purposes of impulsivity behavior in BPD.
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Working memory updating training, working memory maintenance training, and dual n-back training produced superior improvements on one of two inhibition tests relative to passive controls in healthy children and adults with borderline personality traits (but not healthy adults).
“A similar pattern has also been found in training studies of healthy children as well as adults with borderline personality traits (but not healthy adults) – in each case, working memory updating training, working memory maintenance (short-term memory) training, and dual n-back training produced superior improvements on one of two inhibition tests relative to passive controls (56–58; cf. 59, 60).”
From Working memory and inhibitory control deficits in children with ADHD: an experimental evaluation of competing model predictions (2024) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Basharpoor, S., Zakibakhsh Mohammadi, N., Heidari, F., Azarkolah, A., Vicario, C. M., & Salehinejad, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Mohaghegh Ardabili (IR)
- Imam Khomeini Hospital (IR)
- University of Messina (IT)
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Basharpoor, Sajjad
- Salehinejad, Mohammad Ali
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-12
- Volume
- 319
- Pages
- 181-188
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4296690331
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- cognitive inhibition, impulsivity, Stroop task, go/no-go task, commission errors, reaction time, cognitive training
- MeSH terms
- Borderline Personality Disorder, Cognition, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Personality, Single-Blind Method
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