The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Suicidality and Depression Disparities Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review
Open accessAbstract
Purpose To examine disparities between sexual minority youth (SMY) and heterosexual youth in rates of suicidality and depression symptoms.Methods Separate meta-analyses were conducted to examine suicidality and depression disparities. Studies were included if the average age of the participants was <18 years, and if suicidality or depression symptoms were compared across SMY and heterosexual youth.Results SMY reported significantly higher rates of suicidality (odds ratio [OR] = 2.92) and depression symptoms (standardized mean difference, d = .33) as compared with the heterosexual youth. Disparities increased with the increase in the severity of suicidality (ideation [OR = 1.96], intent/plans [OR = 2.20], suicide attempts [OR = 3.18], suicide attempts requiring medical attention [OR = 4.17]). Effects did not vary across gender, recruitment source, and sexual orientation definition.Conclusions Disparities in suicidality and depression may be influenced by negative experiences including discrimination and victimization. Clinicians should assess sexual orientation, analyze psychosocial histories to identify associated risk factors, and promote prevention and intervention opportunities for SMY and their families.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Marshal et al. (2011) studied the association between sexual orientation and youth suicidality (behavior and suicidal ideation) through 19 studies with 122,955 participants, revealing a pooled OR of 2.92.”
From Risk and Protective Factors of Self-harm and Suicidality in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review with Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Marshal et al. (2011)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Depression is a debilitating and burdensome mental health disorder that disproportionately affects young people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) [1,2,3,4].”
From Findings from a feasibility study of an adapted cognitive behavioral therapy group intervention to reduce depression among lgbtq (Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer) young people (2019) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The review also investigated specifically bisexual youth, including four studies with 42,413 participants, and found a significant association between bisexual youth and suicidal behaviors and ideations (OR: 4.92) (Tables 1, 2).”
From Risk and Protective Factors of Self-harm and Suicidality in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review with Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Marshal et al. (2011)
In the citing paper
“Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) youth are at higher risk of isolation and depression than their heterosexual peers.”
From A chatbot-delivered intervention for optimizing social media use and reducing perceived isolation among rural-living LGBTQ+ youth: Development, acceptability, usability, satisfaction, and utility (2023) · cites this paper as Marshal et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Dermyshi, E., Wang, Y., Yan, C., Hong, W., Qiu, G., Gong, X., & Zhang, T. (2017) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000454668 · Cited by 24,586
Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology<SUBTITLE>A Proposal for Reporting</SUBTITLE>
Stroup, D. F. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.15.2008 · Cited by 20,623
Meyer, I. H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 · Cited by 14,736
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470743386 · Cited by 14,225
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119558378 · Cited by 9,799
A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83 · Cited by 9,406
Selective Cortical Undercutting As a Means of Modifying and Studying Frontal Lobe Function in Man
Scoville, W. B. (1949) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1949.6.1.0065 · Cited by 7,374
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mental Health in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth
Russell, S. T., & Fish, J. N. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093153 · Cited by 1,276
Mental health of sexual minorities. A systematic review
Plöderl, M., & Tremblay, P. (2015) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540261.2015.1083949 · Cited by 818
Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage: An Updated Review of U.S. Policies and Programs and Their Impact
Santelli, J. S., Kantor, L. M., Grilo, S. A., Speizer, I. S., Lindberg, L. D., Heitel, J., Schalet, A. T., Lyon, M. E., Mason-Jones, A. J., McGovern, T., et al. (2017) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.05.031 · Cited by 478
Salway, T. J., Bogaert, L., Rhodes, A. E., Brennan, D. J., & Gesink, D. (2016) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2016.303088 · Cited by 456
Borgogna, N. C., McDermott, R. C., Aita, S. L., & Kridel, M. M. (2019) · Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity · doi:10.1037/sgd0000306 · Cited by 390
Metadata
- Authors
- Marshal, M. P., Dietz, L. J., Friedman, M. S., Stall, R., Smith, H. A., McGinley, J., Thoma, B. C., Murray, P. J., D'Augelli, A. R., & Brent, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- West Virginia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Marshal, Michael P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-08
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 115-123
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3649127
- OpenAlex
- W2097960714
- Cited by
- 1,215
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 113 · 2021: 139 · 2020: 147 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 81 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA026312, R01DA030385)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- suicidality, depression, sexual minority youth, heterosexual youth, disparity, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, sexual orientation, discrimination, victimization, adolescent mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Bisexuality, Depression, Female, Homosexuality, Humans, Male, Suicide, Suicide, Attempted, Odds Ratio, Sexuality, Heterosexuality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
