Consequences of Sex Education on Teen and Young Adult Sexual Behaviors and Outcomes
Open accessAbstract
Purpose This study examined whether formal sex education is associated with sexual health behaviors and outcomes using recent nationally representative survey data.Methods Data used were from 4,691 male and female individuals aged 15-24 years from the 2006-2008 National Survey of Family Growth. Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted by gender, estimating the associations of sex education by type (only abstinence, abstinence and birth control, or neither) before first sexual intercourse, and sexual behaviors and outcomes.Results Receipt of sex education, regardless of type, was associated with delays in first sex for both genders, as compared with receiving no sex education. Respondents receiving instruction about abstinence and birth control were significantly more likely at first sex to use any contraception (odds ratio [OR] = 1.73, females; OR = 1.91, males) or a condom (OR = 1.69, females; OR = 1.90, males), and less likely to have an age-discrepant partner (OR = .67, females; OR = .48, males). Receipt of only abstinence education was not statistically distinguishable in most models from receipt of either both or neither topics. Among female subjects, condom use at first sex was significantly more likely among those receiving instruction in both topics as compared with only abstinence education. The associations between sex education and all longer-term outcomes were mediated by older age at first sex.Conclusions Sex education about abstinence and birth control was associated with healthier sexual behaviors and outcomes as compared with no instruction. The protective influence of sex education is not limited to if or when to have sex, but extends to issues of contraception, partner selection, and reproductive health outcomes.
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Previous research has demonstrated that young people who receive abstinence-plus sex education engage in healthier sexual behaviors and have better sexual health outcomes.
“Previous research has demonstrated that young people who receive abstinence-plus sex education engage in healthier sexual behaviors and have better sexual health outcomes (Lindberg & Maddow-Zimet, 2012); results from the current investigation provide additional evidence that having some coverage of birth control may help attenuate purity beliefs, which have been linked to rape myth acceptance”
From Sex Education Among Recent High School Graduates (2025) · cites this paper as Lindberg & Maddow-Zimet, 2012
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Sex Education Among Recent High School Graduates
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“…that young people who receive abstinence-plus sex education engage in healthier sexual behaviors and have better sexual health outcomes (Lindberg & Maddow-Zimet, 2012); results from the current investigation provide additional evidence that having some coverage of birth control may…”
- Authors
- Lindberg, L. D., & Maddow-Zimet, I.
- Affiliations
- Guttmacher Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lindberg, Laura Duberstein
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 332-338
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2127823165
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 27.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- California Wellness Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Keywords
- sex education, abstinence education, adolescent sexual behavior, age at first sexual intercourse, condom use, contraceptive use, sexual health outcomes, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Contraception Behavior, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior, Sex Education, Sex Factors, United States, Logistic Models, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Qualitative Research, Young Adult
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