The mental health of transgender youth: Advances in understanding

Connolly, Maureen D.; Zervos, Marcus J.; Barone, Charles J.; Johnson, Christine C.; Joseph, Christine L.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.012

Cited by 693LGBTQ Health, Identity, and PolicyGender, Sexuality, and EducationAdolescent and Pediatric Healthcare

The mental health of transgender youth: Advances in understanding

Connolly, Maureen D., Zervos, Marcus J., Barone, Charles J., Johnson, Christine C., Joseph, Christine L.M.·2016·Journal of Adolescent Health

DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.012

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Abstract

This review provides an update on the growing body of research related to the mental health of transgender youth that has emerged since the 2011 publication of the Institute of Medicine report on the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. The databases PubMed and Ovid Medline were searched for studies that were published from January 2011 to March 2016 in English. The following search terms were used: transgender, gender nonconforming, gender minority, gender queer, and gender dysphoria. Age limits included the terms youth, child, children, teenager*, and adolescen*. The combined search produced 654 articles of potential relevance. The resulting abstracts went through a tiered elimination system, and the remaining 15 articles, which presented quantitative data related to the prevalence of transgender youth and their mental health, were included in the present review. In addition to providing new estimates of the number of young people who identify as transgender (.17%-1.3%), studies since 2011 have shown that transgender youth have higher rates of depression, suicidality and self-harm, and eating disorders when compared with their peers. Gender-affirming medical therapy and supported social transition in childhood have been shown to correlate with improved psychological functioning for gender-variant children and adolescents. Recent research has demonstrated increased rates of psychiatric morbidity among transgender youth compared to their peers. Future work is needed to understand those youth who identify as gender nonbinary, improve methods to capture and understand diverse gender identities and related health disparities, and delineate the social determinants of such disparities.

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LGBTQ+ people are at higher risk of mental health problems as a result of marginalization and discrimination working through minority stress.
“Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people are at higher risk of mental health problems due to widespread hetero- and cisnormativity, including negative public attitudes toward the LGBTQ+ community.”
From An Internet-Based Intervention to Increase the Ability of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People to Cope With Adverse Events: Single-Group Feasibility Study (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
Prior research documents high rates of depression among TGAs.
“Given prior research documenting high rates of depression among TGAs (Connolly et al., 2016)”
From Exploring transgender adolescents’ body image concerns and disordered eating: Semi-structured interviews with nine gender minority youth (2021) · cites this paper as Connolly et al., 2016

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Authors: Connolly, M. D., Zervos, M. J., Barone, C. J., Johnson, C. C., & Joseph, C. L. M.
Affiliations: Henry Ford Health (US)
Corresponding author: Connolly, Maureen D.
ORCID: Zervos, Marcus J.
Johnson, Christine C.
Joseph, Christine L.M.
Venue: Journal of Adolescent Health
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-11
Volume: 59
Issue: 5
Pages: 489-495
ISSN: 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.012
OpenAlex: W2516239258
Cited by: 693
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 37 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 117 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 90 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 5.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Sexuality, and Education
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
Keywords: transgender youth, mental health, gender dysphoria, gender minority youth, gender nonconforming youth, social transition, depression, suicidality, self-harm, eating disorders, psychiatric morbidity, gender identity, health disparities, social determinants of health
MeSH terms: Gender Dysphoria, Adolescent, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Child, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Qualitative Research, Transgender Persons

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The mental health of transgender youth: Advances in understanding

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