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The National Institute on Aging—Alzheimer's Association Framework on Alzheimer's disease: Application to clinical trials
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: The National Institute on Aging—Alzheimer's Association Research Framework on Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents an important advance in the biological characterization of the AD spectrum. Methods: The National Institute on Aging—Alzheimer's Association Framework is considered as it applies to clinical trials. Results: Using the combination of amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) biomarkers, the Framework provides a means of defining the state of patients with regard to Alzheimer pathologic change. The Framework is relevant to clinical trials of disease‐modifying agents, allowing participants to be characterized biologically at baseline. The ATN Framework can also inform trial outcomes. The preclinical phase of the disease after amyloid deposition is defined by A+T−N−, and the transition to prodromal disease and dementia is characterized by the addition of T and N. Most symptomatic patients in clinical trials are in the class of A+T+N− and A+T+N+. Discussion: The National Institute on Aging—Alzheimer's Association Framework on AD represents progress in providing biomarker profiles of participants in the AD spectrum that can be used to help design clinical trials.
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Cummings, J.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cummings, Jeffrey
- ORCID
- Cummings, Jeffrey
- Venue
- Alzheimer's & Dementia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-06-21
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 172-178
- ISSN
- 1552-5260 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5279
- PMC
- PMC6417790
- OpenAlex
- W2809499549
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18
- FWCI
- 11.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Alzheimer s & Dementia (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM109025)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, United States, Biomarkers, National Institute on Aging (U.S.)
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