Transitions From Skilled Nursing Facility to Home: The Relationship of Early Outpatient Care to Hospital Readmission
Open accessAbstract
Background Many adults are discharged to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) prior to returning home from the hospital. Patient characteristics and factors that can help to prevent postdischarge adverse outcomes are poorly understood.Objective To identify whether early post-SNF discharge care reduces likelihood of 30-day hospital readmissions.Design Secondary data analysis using the Electronic Medical Record, Medicare, Medicaid and the Minimum Data Set.Participants/setting Older (age > 65 years), community-dwelling adults admitted to a safety net hospital in the Midwest for 3 or more nights and discharged home after an SNF stay (n = 1543).Measurements The primary outcome was hospital readmission within 30 days of SNF discharge. The primary independent variables were either a home health visit or an outpatient provider visit within a week of SNF discharge.Results Out of 8754 community-dwelling, hospitalized older adults, 3025 (34.6%) were discharged to an SNF, of whom 1543 (51.0%) returned home. Among the SNF to home group, a home health visit within a week of SNF discharge was associated with reduced hazard of 30-day hospital readmission [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.61, P < .001] but outpatient provider visits were not associated with reduced risk of hospital readmission (aHR = 0.67, P = .821).Conclusion For patients discharged from an SNF to home, the finding that a home health visit within a week of discharge is associated with reduced hazard of 30-day hospital readmissions suggests a potential avenue for intervention.
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Direct care workers provide care to individuals returning from a hospital stay and help reduce their risk of readmission.
“They also provide care to individuals returning from a hospital stay and help reduce their risk of readmission.[661][662][663]”
From 2023 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2023) · cites this paper as [661]
The Results report that a home health visit within a week of discharge from a skilled nursing facility to home was associated with a lower hazard of 30-day hospital readmission. The paper does not identify those visits as care by direct care workers, establish that the visits caused the reduction, or extend the finding to everyone returning directly home from a hospital stay. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcross settings, direct care workers provide care to individuals returning from a hospital stay and can help reduce the risk of readmission, as well as assist with end-of-life care transitions.
“Across settings, they also provide care to individuals returning from a hospital stay and can help reduce the risk of readmission, as well as assist with end‐of‐life care transitions.”
From 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2024) · cites this paper as [769]
The Discussion reports that home health visits within a week of discharge from a skilled nursing facility were associated with fewer 30-day hospital readmissions. It does not establish that direct care workers specifically reduced readmissions across settings, and it does not address end-of-life care transitions. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Carnahan, J. L., Slaven, J. E., Callahan, C. M., Tu, W., & Torke, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Regenstrief Institute (US)
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- Indiana University Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carnahan, Jennifer L.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 853-859
- ISSN
- 1525-8610 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5612845
- OpenAlex
- W2647277178
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 7.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- PMC
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG031222, K24AG053794)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- skilled nursing facility discharge, hospital readmission, 30-day readmission, home health visits, outpatient care, older adults, community-dwelling adults, post-discharge care, safety-net hospitals
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Ambulatory Care, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Readmission, Patient Transfer, Primary Health Care, Skilled Nursing Facilities, Databases, Factual
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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