A new sledge jump system that allows almost natural reactive jumps
Open accessAbstract
Aim Sledge jump systems (SJS) are often employed to examine the underlying mechanical and neuromuscular mechanisms of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) as they allow the systematic variation of impact velocity and energy. However, in existing SJS the jumps are not very comparable to natural jumps because of the long contact times (∼200%), which prevent the storage of kinetic energy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if an ultra-light sledge, built in a way that joint movement is barely restricted, allows jumps that are comparable to natural jumps.Methods Ground reaction forces, kinematic and electromyographic (EMG) data of 21 healthy subjects were compared between normal hoppings (NH) on the ground and hoppings in a custom-built SJS (sledge hoppings, SH).Results Normalized to NH, the ground contact times for the SH were prolonged (+22%), while the peak forces (-21%) and the preactivity of the soleus and gastrocnemius medialis muscles were reduced (-20% and -22%, respectively). No significant changes were observed for the iEMG of the short latency response of those muscles (+1% and +8%) and the ranges of motion in the ankle, knee and hip joint (differences of 1, 1 and 2 degrees). The reduced peak forces were associated with a reduced leg stiffness (-21%).Conclusion The new system allows reactive jumps that are rather comparable to natural jumps. Therefore, the new SJS seems to be an adequate system in order to examine the SSC under controlled and almost natural conditions.
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GRF can be modified or increased through increased locomotion velocity, external applied horizontal forces, or reactive jumps.
“GRF can be modified/increased through increased locomotion velocity (Davis and Cavanagh, 1993), external applied horizontal forces (Chang et al., 2001) or reactive jumps (Kramer et al., 2010).”
From Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Kramer et al., 2010
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Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review
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- Authors
- Kramer, A., Ritzmann, R., Gollhofer, A., Gehring, D., & Gruber, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Biomechanics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2672-2677
- ISSN
- 0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2152257145
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nbn-resolving.de
- Locations
- Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion)
- FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Space Agency (TEC-MMG/2006/82)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- stretch-shortening cycle, ground contact time, ground reaction force, leg stiffness, soleus muscle, medial gastrocnemius, short-latency responses, range of motion, impact velocity, neuromuscular mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ankle Joint, Biomechanical Phenomena, Electromyography, Female, Hip Joint, Humans, Knee Joint, Male, Models, Biological, Movement, Exercise, Range of Motion, Articular, Muscle, Skeletal, Young Adult
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