In vitro indentation to determine the mechanical properties of epidermis
Open accessAbstract
The lack of understanding of the mechanical behavior of the human skin layers makes the development of drug delivery using microneedles or microjets a challenging task. In particular, the key mechanical properties of the epidermis composed of stratum corneum and viable epidermis should be better understood. Micro-indentation experiments were applied, using a spherical tip with a large diameter to the sample thickness ratio. The Young's moduli were derived via an analytical and a numerical method. The tests showed that the analytical method was not appropriate to assess the Young's moduli. That is why a numerical model was used to obtain the correct stiffness. When loaded perpendicularly, the stiffness of both the epidermis and stratum corneum vary between 1 and 2MPa. No significant differences in stiffness between the stratum corneum and viable epidermis were observed.
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Kim, D.-H., Lu, N., Ma, R., Kim, Y.-S., Kim, R.-H., Wang, S., Wu, J., Won, S. M., Tao, H., Islam, A., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1206157 · Cited by 4,836 · see citing works
Yetisen, A. K., Martinez‐Hurtado, J. L., Ünal, B., Khademhosseini, A., & Butt, H. (2018) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201706910 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
- Authors
- Geerligs, M., van Breemen, L., Peters, G., Ackermans, P., Baaijens, F., & Oomens, C.
- Affiliations
- Philips (Netherlands) (NL)
- Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Oomens, Cees
- Venue
- Journal of Biomechanics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1176-1181
- ISSN
- 0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135470014
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- resolver.tudelft.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Keywords
- epidermis, stratum corneum, skin biomechanics, indentation, Young's modulus, skin stiffness, microneedles
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Epidermis, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Pressure, Drug Delivery Systems
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