Effects of feedstock on larval development and process efficiency in waste treatment with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens)
Open accessAbstract
Global population growth has led to an urgent need for more efficient food production systems. Moreover, as income levels increase, dietary preferences are shifting to more animal-based products. However, current feed protein sources deplete wild fish populations and contribute to rainforest deforestation. Capturing the resources in organic waste could help alleviate environmental impacts of food production. The larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) are ferocious feeders on decomposing organic material and could be used as protein source in animal feed. This study evaluated development of black soldier fly larvae on eight urban organic waste fractions and two control substrates. Principal component analysis was conducted to identify substrate properties that contributed to treatment efficiency and larval development. The main treatment factors found to be affected by substrate were waste-to-biomass conversion ratio, larval development time and final prepupal weight. The substrate properties with the greatest impact on biomass conversion ratio and larval development time were content of total volatile solids and protein content, while only total volatile solids content affected final prepupal weight. It was concluded that black soldier fly larvae are versatile in their feedstock preferences and can be used to treat a variety of organic waste streams, provided that the total volatile solids and nitrogen content are sufficiently high to support larval development. Abattoir waste, food waste, human faeces and a mixture of abattoir waste – fruits & vegetables are waste streams that are highly suitable for fly larvae treatment.
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The efficiency of the operation is influenced by larval density, feeding rate, and feeding mechanism.
“Lalander et al. [19] have shown that the efficiency of the operation is influenced by larval density, feeding rate, and feeding mechanism.”
From A Review of Organic Waste Treatment Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
The economic feasibility of waste management is dependent on several factors, including the type of organic source, nutrient content, and the conversion ratio of waste to biomass.
“The economic feasibility of waste management is dependent on several factors, including the type of organic source, nutrient content, and the conversion ratio of waste to biomass [19].”
From A Review of Organic Waste Treatment Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
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Surendra, K. C., Tomberlin, J. K., van Huis, A., Cammack, J. A., Heckmann, L.-H. L., & Khanal, S. K. (2020) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.07.050 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Singh, A., & Kumari, K. (2019) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109569 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
A Review of Organic Waste Treatment Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)
Amrul, N. F., Kabir Ahmad, I., Ahmad Basri, N. E., Suja, F., Abdul Jalil, N. A., & Azman, N. A. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14084565 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
“[19] have shown that the efficiency of the operation is influenced by larval density, feeding rate, and feeding mechanism.”
BackgroundKaya, C., Generalovic, T. N., Ståhls, G., Hauser, M., Samayoa, A. C., Nunes-Silva, C. G., Roxburgh, H., Wohlfahrt, J., Ewusie, E. A., Kenis, M., et al. (2021) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-021-01029-w · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Growth of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Reared on Organic Side-Streams
Broeckx, L., Frooninckx, L., Slegers, L., Berrens, S., Noyens, I., Goossens, S., Verheyen, G., Wuyts, A., & Van Miert, S. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132312953 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
“These values are similar to those obtained by other authors for a diversity of organic streams [19,24,44].”
Resultda Silva, G. D. P., & Hesselberg, T. (2020) · Neotropical Entomology · doi:10.1007/s13744-019-00719-z · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Guo, H., Jiang, C., Zhang, Z., Lu, W., & Wang, H. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141656 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Lalander, C., Ermolaev, E., Wiklicky, V., & Vinnerås, B. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138968 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, T., Awasthi, M. K., Awasthi, S. K., Duan, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109967 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Bioactive Compounds from Hermetia Illucens Larvae as Natural Ingredients for Cosmetic Application
Almeida, C., Rijo, P., & Rosado, C. (2020) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom10070976 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fischer, H., Romano, N., & Sinha, A. K. (2021) · Insects · doi:10.3390/insects12040332 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Logan, L. A. P., Latty, T., & Roberts, T. H. (2021) · Journal of Applied Entomology · doi:10.1111/jen.12878 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lalander, C., Diener, S., Zurbrügg, C., & Vinnerås, B.
- Affiliations
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Lalander, C.
- Venue
- Journal of Cleaner Production
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 208
- Pages
- 211-219
- ISSN
- 0959-6526 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2896063058
- Cited by
- 664
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 82 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 103 · 2023: 111 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 28
- FWCI
- 38.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2021-03-01)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Cleaner Production (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DORA Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Swedish Research Council (FORMAS)
- Swiss Federal Office for Environment (BAFU)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect Utilization and Effects
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Keywords
- Hermetia illucens, larval development, organic waste treatment, feedstock, protein feed, slaughterhouse waste, food waste, human feces, volatile solids
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