Cited by 630Delphi Technique in ResearchMeta-analysis and systematic reviewsStatistical Methods in Clinical Trials

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A taxonomy has been developed for outcomes in medical research to help improve knowledge discovery

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Dodd, Susanna, Clarke, Mike, Becker, Lorne, Mavergames, Chris, Fish, Rebecca, Williamson, Paula R.·2018·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.020PMC PMC5854263

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: There is increasing recognition that insufficient attention has been paid to the choice of outcomes measured in clinical trials. The lack of a standardized outcome classification system results in inconsistencies due to ambiguity and variation in how outcomes are described across different studies. Being able to classify by outcome would increase efficiency in searching sources such as clinical trial registries, patient registries, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database of core outcome sets (COS), thus aiding knowledge discovery. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A literature review was carried out to determine existing outcome classification systems, none of which were sufficiently comprehensive or granular for classification of all potential outcomes from clinical trials. A new taxonomy for outcome classification was developed, and as proof of principle, outcomes extracted from all published COS in the COMET database, selected Cochrane reviews, and clinical trial registry entries were classified using this new system. RESULTS: Application of this new taxonomy to COS in the COMET database revealed that 274/299 (92%) COS include at least one physiological outcome, whereas only 177 (59%) include at least one measure of impact (global quality of life or some measure of functioning) and only 105 (35%) made reference to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This outcome taxonomy will be used to annotate outcomes included in COS within the COMET database and is currently being piloted for use in Cochrane Reviews within the Cochrane Linked Data Project. Wider implementation of this standard taxonomy in trial and systematic review databases and registries will further promote efficient searching, reporting, and classification of trial outcomes.

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Additional file 1 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
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Additional file 2 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
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Additional file 3 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
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Additional file 2 of Reported outcomes in patients with iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia undergoing major surgery: a systematic review of outcomes
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Additional file 3 of Reported outcomes in patients with iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia undergoing major surgery: a systematic review of outcomes
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Additional file 4 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
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Additional file 4 of Methods for conducting international Delphi surveys to optimise global participation in core outcome set development: a case study in gastric cancer informed by a comprehensive literature review
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Additional file 5 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
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Additional file 3 of Development of an international core outcome set for treatment trials in necrotizing enterocolitis—a study protocol
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Additional file 3 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
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Additional file 1 of Co-creation of the Global Patient Experience Data Navigator: a multi-stakeholder initiative to ensure the patient voice is represented in health decision-making
Willgoss, T., Escontrías, O. A., Scrafton, C., Oehrlein, E., Livingstone, V., Chaplin, F. C., Benivento, M., Chapman, H., & Brooke, N. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26626381
Additional file 3 of Outcome domains measured in randomized controlled trials of physical activity for older adults: a rapid review
Mackey, D. C., Ekegren, C. L., Baldwin, C. E., Young, P. J., Gray, S. M., Ciok, A., & Wong, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26577560
Additional file 2 of Developing a core outcome set for acetabular fractures: a systematic review protocol
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Additional file 5 of Co-creation of the Global Patient Experience Data Navigator: a multi-stakeholder initiative to ensure the patient voice is represented in health decision-making
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Additional file 2 of Acute care models for older people living with frailty: a systematic review and taxonomy
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Additional file 5 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
Katiri, R., Hall, D. A., Killan, C. F., Smith, S., Prayuenyong, P., & Kitterick, P. T. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14253668
Additional file 1 of Acute care models for older people living with frailty: a systematic review and taxonomy
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Hörold, M., Heytens, H., Debbeler, C. M., Ehrentreich, S., Rauwolf, T., Schmeißer, A., Gottschalk, M., Bitzer, E. M., Braun-Dullaeus, R. C., & Apfelbacher, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22775972
Additional file 6 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
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Additional file 4 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
Lee, S. I., Hanley, S., Vowles, Z., Plachcinski, R., Moss, N., Singh, M., Gale, C., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A., Subramanian, A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26611805
Additional file 1 of An evidence map of systematic reviews on models of outpatient care for patients with chronic heart diseases
Hörold, M., Heytens, H., Debbeler, C. M., Ehrentreich, S., Rauwolf, T., Schmeißer, A., Gottschalk, M., Bitzer, E. M., Braun-Dullaeus, R. C., & Apfelbacher, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22775963
Additional file 3 of An evidence map of systematic reviews on models of outpatient care for patients with chronic heart diseases
Hörold, M., Heytens, H., Debbeler, C. M., Ehrentreich, S., Rauwolf, T., Schmeißer, A., Gottschalk, M., Bitzer, E. M., Braun-Dullaeus, R. C., & Apfelbacher, C. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22775969
Additional file 9 of Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in designs of clinical trials for interventions that seek to restore bilateral and binaural hearing in adults with unilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (‘single-sided deafness’)
Katiri, R., Hall, D. A., Killan, C. F., Smith, S., Prayuenyong, P., & Kitterick, P. T. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14253680
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Additional file 4 of Outcome domains measured in randomized controlled trials of physical activity for older adults: a rapid review
Mackey, D. C., Ekegren, C. L., Baldwin, C. E., Young, P. J., Gray, S. M., Ciok, A., & Wong, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26577563
Additional file 1 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
Lee, S. I., Hanley, S., Vowles, Z., Plachcinski, R., Moss, N., Singh, M., Gale, C., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A., Subramanian, A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26611796
Additional file 2 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
Lee, S. I., Hanley, S., Vowles, Z., Plachcinski, R., Moss, N., Singh, M., Gale, C., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A., Subramanian, A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26611799
Additional file 2 of Outcome domains measured in randomized controlled trials of physical activity for older adults: a rapid review
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Self-citation
Additional file 7 of The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity
Lee, S. I., Hanley, S., Vowles, Z., Plachcinski, R., Moss, N., Singh, M., Gale, C., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A., Subramanian, A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26611814
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Authors: Dodd, S., Clarke, M., Becker, L., Mavergames, C., Fish, R., & Williamson, P. R.
Affiliations: University of Liverpool (GB)
Queen's University Belfast (GB)
SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
Cochrane (GB)
University of Manchester (GB)
Corresponding author: Williamson, Paula R.
ORCID: Dodd, Susanna
Clarke, Mike
Mavergames, Chris
Fish, Rebecca
Williamson, Paula R.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-04
Volume: 96
Pages: 84-92
ISSN: 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.020
PMC: PMC5854263
OpenAlex: W2778471389
Cited by: 625
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 63 · 2025: 97 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 14
FWCI: 69.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0513-10025)
Medical Research Council (MR/K025635/1)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Keywords: clinical trial results, core outcome set, outcome standardization, knowledge discovery, clinical trial registries, adverse events, quality of life outcomes
MeSH terms: Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Quality of Life, Registries, Research Design, Databases, Factual, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Data Curation

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