In 2021 When Is It Unethical to Use a Placebo in a Clinical Trial?
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The appropriateness of using comparator groups only receiving placebo has been the subject of extensive debate.
“The appropriateness of using comparator groups only receiving placebo has been the subject of extensive debate and merits careful consideration of the existence of other effective treatments, the potential risks to trial participants, and the need for assay sensitivity—that is, the ability to distinguish an effective intervention from less effective or ineffective interventions.160”
From SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials (2025) · cites this paper as [160]
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SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials
Hróbjartsson, A., Boutron, I., Hopewell, S., Moher, D., Schulz, K. F., Collins, G. S., Tunn, R., Aggarwal, R., Berkwits, M., Berlin, J. A., et al. (2025) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-081660 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
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Afach, S., Cleach, L. L., & Sbidian, É. (2022) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.024 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chowdhury, R., Morel, S. B. A., ElAbd, R., Tran, K. D., Cugno, S., & Borschel, G. H. (2025) · Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2025.08.029 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mirzamoradi, M., Dehghani, Z., Azadi, P., Mohammadi, M., Khavandegar, A., & Bakhtiyari, M. (2023) · Revista Brasileira Ginecologia e Obstetrícia · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1772480 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Holm, K. E., Sandhaus, R. A., Allison, S., & Strange, C. (2024) · Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107676 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ethics in Pharmacy Practice Research
Rehman, F., Shahid, M. W., Hamza, M., & Ahmed, A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26472-6.00023-1
- Authors
- Tugwell, P., & Tovey, D.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-05
- Volume
- 133
- Pages
- A5-A6
- ISSN
- 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8137361
- OpenAlex
- W3165521404
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Keywords
- research ethics, Declaration of Helsinki, psoriasis
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