The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Study of urban population attitudes towards various wastewater reuse options: Israel as a case study
Abstract
This paper summarizes the findings of a survey (256 participants) conducted to determine the attitude of the Israeli urban public towards various urban water reuse options. Israel is known for its long and successful agricultural water reuse scheme, but to date no large-scale urban reuse projects have been implemented. The survey included 21 reuse options, which were clustered into three reuse categories, namely: low, medium, and high contact levels. Results show that a high proportion of the participants supported medium contact reuse options such as sidewalk landscaping (95%), domestic WC flushing (85%) and firefighting (96%). Higher contact reuse options such as domestic laundry (38%), preserved food (13%), and potable aquifer recharge (11%) found much lesser support. Less than expected support was found for low contact reuse options with 86% for field crop irrigation, 62% for aquifer recharge for agricultural irrigation, and as low as 49% for orchard irrigation. This low support is surprising, since all three options have been practiced on a large scale for over three decades in Israel without any adverse effects to the public. No correlation was found between any biographical characteristic examined (education, gender, income, marital status, having young children, and age) and support for medium contact options. For the medium contact options, the results suggest that perceived financial gain (individual and/or communal) and positive public opinion enhances support, while perceived health effects negatively affects the degree of support. Technology, trust in authorities and awareness of water and environmental issues were found to not have a significant effect on support for medium contact reuse options. Analyzing the four possible reasons for support given by participants who identified themselves as supporters of wastewater reuse revealed that the most important reason for support was "water saving", followed by "minimization of importing water from abroad". These were followed by "infrastructure cost saving" together with "environmental improvement".
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In the citing paper
“The study identified strong public opposition to reuse projects, where there is little trust in the implementing body even in the face of the most advanced technology applicable.”
From Greywater Characteristics, Treatment Systems, Reuse Strategies and User Perception—a Review (2018) · cites this paper as Friedler et al. (2006b)
In the citing paper
“It has been reported by Dolnicar and Schafer (2006), Friedler et al. (2006b), Hurliman and McKay (2007), Kantanonleon et al. (2007) and Marks (2004) that the highest acceptability of greywater reuse schemes are for non-potable uses.”
From Greywater Characteristics, Treatment Systems, Reuse Strategies and User Perception—a Review (2018) · cites this paper as Friedler et al. (2006b)
In the citing paper
“A study by Friedler et al. (2006b), Omerod and Scott (2013) and Russell et al. (2009) identified public trust arising out of a combination of technical and non-technical issues.”
From Greywater Characteristics, Treatment Systems, Reuse Strategies and User Perception—a Review (2018) · cites this paper as Friedler et al. (2006b)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Friedler, E., Lahav, O., Jizhaki, H., & Lahav, T.
- Affiliations
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College (IL)
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Friedler, Eran
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 360-370
- ISSN
- 0301-4797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051055633
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Water resources management and optimization
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Pro-Environmental Behavior and Attitudes
- Keywords
- water reuse, public attitudes, urban water reuse, household water use, firefighting water, perceived health effects, water saving
- MeSH terms
- Attitude, Conservation of Natural Resources, Humans, Israel, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Water Supply
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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