Analysis of composition characteristics and treatment techniques of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in China
Abstract
The rapid development of the economy and society is causing an increase in the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) produced by people's daily lives. With the strong support of the Chinese government, incineration power generation has steadily become the primary method of treating MSW, accounting for 79.86%. However, burning produces a significant amount of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA), which contains heavy metals, soluble chlorine salts, and dioxins. China's MSWI-FA yield increased by 8.23% annually to 7.80 million tons in 2022. Besides, the eastern region, especially the southeastern coastal region, has the highest yield of MSWI-FA. There are certain similarities in the chemical characteristics of MSWI-FA samples from Northeast, North, East, and South China. Zn and CaO have the largest amounts of metals and oxides, respectively. The Cl content is about 20 wt%. This study provides an overview of the techniques used in the thermal treatment method, solidification and stabilization, and separation and extraction of MSWI-FA and compares their benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the industrial applications and standard requirements of landfill treatment and resource utilization of MSWI-FA in China are analyzed. It is discovered that China's resource utilization of MSWI-FA is insufficient through the study on the fly ash disposal procedures at a few MSW incineration facilities located in the economically developed Guangdong Province and the traditional industrial city of Tianjin. Finally, the prospects for the disposal of MSWI-FA were discussed.
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China's rapidly growing industrial sector and escalating waste generation have led to a historical increase of incineration rate for solid waste management as an alternative to landfill waste practices.
“China's rapidly growing industrial sector and escalating waste generation have led to an historical increase of incineration rate for solid waste management as an alternative to landfill waste practices 69 .”
From Complexities of the global plastics supply chain revealed in a trade-linked material flow analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Teng, F., Wang, Z., Ren, K., Liu, S., & Ding, H.
- Affiliations
- Tianjin University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Shejiang
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-04
- Volume
- 357
- Pages
- 120783
- ISSN
- 0301-4797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4393950609
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 11
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Waste Management and Environmental Impact
- Keywords
- municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, fly ash composition, heavy metals, dioxins, solidification/stabilization, fly ash disposal, China
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, China, Humans, Refuse Disposal, Incineration, Metals, Heavy, Particulate Matter, Coal Ash, Solid Waste
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