Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 485

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 120 of the 120 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A critical review of clay-based composites with enhanced adsorption performance for metal and organic pollutants

Open access
Han, Huawen, Rafiq, Muhammad Khalid, Zhou, Tuoyu, Xu, Rong, Mašek, Ondřej, Li, Xiangkai·2019·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Abstract

Adsorption techniques offer unique advantages owing to the use of synthetic (e.g., nanosized metal oxides and polymer-functionalized nanocomposites) and natural (e.g., clay and biochar) materials for pollutant removal. Although the most widely used adsorbent is activated carbon, extensive studies have highlighted the promising potential of modified clay minerals and biochar for removing heavy metal and organic pollutants from industrial, drinking, and eutrophic wastewater, due to their low cost and easy accessibility. However, clay modification using acids, calcination, polymers, or surfactants exhibits relatively low absorption/regeneration ability towards antibiotics, aromatics, and various dyes. The coexistence of numerous contaminants in industrial wastewater inhibited the performance of adsorbents, which accelerated the development of novel modified clay composites such as clay-biochar, organo-bentonite/sodium alginate beads, and enhanced biochar. This review summarizes recent studies and absorption mechanisms concerning clay composites based on various modification methods and component materials. The comparison of clay composites used for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants provides valuable insight into real wastewater treatment. Knowledge gaps, uncertainties, and future challenges involved in the fabrication and regeneration of modified clay composites are also identified.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.003

Cites

120 of 120 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Show all 120 references

Cited by

See all 485

Metadata

Authors
Han, H., Rafiq, M. K., Zhou, T., Xu, R., Mašek, O., & Li, X.
Venue
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-05
Volume
369
Pages
780-796
ISSN
0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2914896209
Cited by
485
References
120
FWCI
19.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A critical review of clay-based composites with enhanced adsorption performance for metal and organic pollutants. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.003
The paper
Han, H., Rafiq, M. K., Zhou, T., Xu, R., Mašek, O., & Li, X. (2019). A critical review of clay-based composites with enhanced adsorption performance for metal and organic pollutants. Journal of Hazardous Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.003

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.