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Biological approaches practised using genetically engineered microbes for a sustainable environment: A review
Abstract
Conventional methods used to remediate toxic substances from the environment have failed drastically, and thereby, advancement in newer remediation techniques can be one of the ways to improve the quality of bioremediation. The increased environmental pollution led to the exploration of microorganisms and construction of genetically engineered microbes (GEMs) for pollution abatement through bioremediation. The present review deals with the successful bioremediation techniques and approaches practised using genetically modified or engineered microbes. In the present scenario, physical and chemical strategies have been practised for the remediation of domestic and industrial wastes but these techniques are expensive and toxic to the environment. Involving engineered microbes can provide a much safer and cost effective strategy in comparison with the other techniques. With the aid of biotechnology and genetic engineering, GEMs are designed by transforming microbes with a more potent protein to overexpress the desired character. GEMs such as bacteria, fungi and algae have been used to degrade oil spills, camphor, hexane, naphthalene, toluene, octane, xylene, halobenzoates, trichloroethylene etc. These engineered microbes are more potent than the natural strains and have higher degradative capacities with quick adaptation for various pollutants as substrates or cometabolize. The road ahead for the implementation of genetic engineering to produce such organisms for the welfare of t…
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Environmental biotechnology uses genetically modified microorganisms to clean up harmful chemicals, xenobiotics, and pesticides, and synthetic biology is changing environmental problems.
“Environmental biotechnology uses genetically modified microorganisms to clean up harmful chemicals, xenobiotics, and pesticides.This is how synthetic biology is changing environmental problems [265].”
From Harnessing bacterial consortia for effective bioremediation: targeted removal of heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and persistent pollutants (2025) · cites this paper as [265]
Scientists can modify microorganisms' genetic backbones to enhance pollutant removal efficiency, promote enzyme production, and provide environmental resistance, making them powerful tools for remediation campaigns.
“Scientists can modify microorganisms' genetic backbones to enhance pollutant removal efficiency, promote enzyme production, and provide environmental resistance, making them powerful tools for remediation campaigns [265].”
From Harnessing bacterial consortia for effective bioremediation: targeted removal of heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and persistent pollutants (2025) · cites this paper as [265]
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Sorted by citations
Genetically engineered microorganisms for environmental remediation
Rafeeq, H., Afsheen, N., Rafique, S., Arshad, A., Intisar, M., Hussain, A., Bilal, M., & Iqbal, H. M. N. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136751 · Cited by 356
Qattan, S. Y. A. (2025) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01103-y · Cited by 109
Metadata
- Authors
- Pant, G., Garlapati, D., Agrawal, U., Prasuna, R. G., Mathimani, T., & Pugazhendhi, A.
- Affiliations
- GLA University (IN)
- Ministry of Earth Sciences (IN)
- GITAM University (IN)
- National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli (IN)
- Ton Duc Thang University (VN)
- Corresponding author
- Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan
- Venue
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 405
- Pages
- 124631
- ISSN
- 0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3104229611
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 9
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Facility for Marine Cyanobacteria, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Keywords
- genetically modified microorganisms, bioremediation, pollution reduction, pollutant degradation, oil spill bioremediation, aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, trichloroethylene, cometabolism, industrial waste, household waste, sustainable environment
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biotechnology, Environmental Pollutants, Genetic Engineering
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