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Cited by 68Cholesterol and Lipid MetabolismSteroid Chemistry and BiochemistryImmune Response and Inflammation

Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology

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Griffiths, William J., Wang, Yuqin·2022·Journal of Lipid Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100165PMC PMC8953665
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Abstract

Oxysterols, the oxidized forms of cholesterol or of its precursors, are formed in the first steps of cholesterol metabolism. Oxysterols have interested chemists, biologists, and physicians for many decades, but their exact biological relevance in vivo, other than as intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis, has long been debated. However, in the first quarter of this century, a role for side-chain oxysterols and their C-7 oxidized metabolites has been convincingly established in the immune system. 25-Hydroxycholesterol has been shown to be synthesized by macrophages in response to the activation of Toll-like receptors and to offer protection against microbial pathogens, whereas 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol has been shown to act as a chemoattractant to lymphocytes expressing the G protein-coupled receptor Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 and to be important in coordinating the action of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. There is a growing body of evidence that not only these two oxysterols but also many of their isomers are of importance to the proper function of the immune system. Here, we review recent findings related to the roles of oxysterols in immunology.

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  • Following treatment of mouse astrocytes with physiologically relevant concentrations of 25HC, increased secretion and decreased reuptake of ApoE lipoproteins resulted in higher levels of extracellular ApoE.

    “Following treatment of mouse astrocytes with physiologically relevant concentrations of 25HC (49), increased secretion as well as decreased reuptake of ApoE lipoproteins resulted in higher levels of extracellular ApoE.”

    From Regulation of astrocyte lipid metabolism and ApoE secretion by the microglial oxysterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol (2023) · cites this paper as [49]

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Authors
Griffiths, W. J., & Wang, Y.
Affiliations
Swansea University (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Griffiths, William J.
  • Wang, Yuqin
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-02
Volume
63
Issue
2
Pages
100165
ISSN
0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100165
PMC
PMC8953665
OpenAlex
W4200299560
Cited by
68
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 6
FWCI
2.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • UK Research and Innovation
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/I001735/1, BB/L001942/1, BB/N015932/1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
oxysterols, cholesterol metabolism, 25-hydroxycholesterol, 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol, Toll-like receptor signaling, macrophages, immune function, lymphocyte chemotaxis, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, secondary lymphoid organs, lipidomics
MeSH terms
Oxysterols, Lipidomics, Animals, Cholesterol, Humans, Lipid Metabolism

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