Cited by 261Grief, Bereavement, and Mental HealthPalliative Care and End-of-Life IssuesPalliative and Oncologic Care

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Bereavement Support on the Frontline of COVID-19: Recommendations for Hospital Clinicians

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Selman, Lucy E., Chao, Davina, Sowden, Ryann, Marshall, Steve, Chamberlain, Charlotte, Koffman, Jonathan·2020·Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

DOI 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.024PMC PMC7196538

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Abstract

Deaths due to COVID-19 are associated with risk factors which can lead to prolonged grief disorder, post-traumatic stress, and other poor bereavement outcomes among relatives, as well as moral injury and distress in frontline staff. Here we review relevant research evidence and provide evidence-based recommendations and resources for hospital clinicians to mitigate poor bereavement outcomes and support staff. For relatives, bereavement risk factors include dying in an intensive care unit, severe breathlessness, patient isolation or restricted access, significant patient and family emotional distress, and disruption to relatives' social support networks. Recommendations include advance care planning; proactive, sensitive, and regular communication with family members alongside accurate information provision; enabling family members to say goodbye in person where possible; supporting virtual communication; providing excellent symptom management and emotional and spiritual support; and providing and/or sign-posting to bereavement services. To mitigate effects of this emotionally challenging work on staff, we recommend an organizational and systemic approach which includes access to informal and professional support.

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Authors: Selman, L. E., Chao, D., Sowden, R., Marshall, S., Chamberlain, C., & Koffman, J.
Affiliations: University of Bristol (GB)
King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Selman, Lucy E.
ORCID: Selman, Lucy E.
Sowden, Ryann
Marshall, Steve
Chamberlain, Charlotte
Koffman, Jonathan
Venue: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-08
Volume: 60
Issue: 2
Pages: e81-e86
ISSN: 0885-3924 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.024
PMC: PMC7196538
OpenAlex: W3020886392
Cited by: 261
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 34
FWCI: 22.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1095 d)
Locations: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Explore Bristol Research (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: National Institute for Health Research
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, bereavement, prolonged grief disorder, post-traumatic stress, moral injury, advance care planning, family communication, ICU mortality, virtual communication, symptom management, spiritual support, bereavement services, staff support
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Bereavement, Communication, Family, Health Personnel, Humans, Palliative Care, Pneumonia, Viral, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Management, Advance Care Planning, Pandemics

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Bereavement Support on the Frontline of COVID-19: Recommendations for Hospital Clinicians

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