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Very Preterm Birth Influences Parental Mental Health and Family Outcomes Seven Years after Birth
Open accessAbstract
Objective To evaluate the long-term influence of very preterm birth on parental mental health, family functioning, and parenting stress at age 2 and 7 years.Study design Participants were 183 children born very preterm (<30 weeks gestation; n = 148 families) and 69 term-born children (n = 66 families). When children were age 7 years, parents were assessed based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Family Assessment Device, the Parenting Stress Index, and the Social Support Questionnaire. Similar measures were evaluated at age 2 years.Results When the children were age 7 years, parents of the very preterm-born children were more likely to report moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (P = .03), higher levels of depression symptoms (P = .03), poorer family functioning (P < .05), and higher levels of parenting stress (P < .001) compared with parents of the children born at term. Group differences in parenting stress and family functioning persisted after adjustment for social risk and child neurodevelopmental disability. There was strong evidence of a relationship between family functioning and parent-related stress at age 2 and 7 years (P < .001), but little evidence that parental mental health problems at 2 years were predictive of anxiety (P = .15) or depression (P = .28) at 7 years for parents of very preterm children.Conclusion These findings demonstrate that very preterm birth has a negative influence on parent and family functioning at 7 years after birth, which for some families is consistent with their functioning at 2 years. These results have implications for the support required by parents of very preterm children.
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“Similarly, two studies found higher stress in mothers of VPT and EPT vs. mothers of FT seven years after birth (Linden et al., 2015; Treyvaud et al., 2014).”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“The latter showed that stress remained higher in parents of EPT vs. FT even after controlling for social risk and child neurocognitive disability (Treyvaud et al., 2014).”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“This is in line with earlier findings that parenting stress following preterm birth is mainly caused by the children ' s difficulties and the parent-infant interactions (Treyvaud et al., 2014).”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“What is more, still in a population of ELBW, another study reported by two groups of authors found that parents were 2.5 times more likely of having clinical anxiety as parents of FT at 7 and 13 years (Treyvaud et al., 2014; Yaari et al., 2019) ( n = 159).”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“although one study showed higher symptoms 13 years after birth (Akkus et al., 2021; Linden et al., 2015; Treyvaud et al., 2014)”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“Beyond two years, anxiety seems therefore to stabilize at a normal level, although one study showed higher symptoms 13 years after birth (Akkus et al., 2021; Linden et al., 2015; Treyvaud et al., 2014)”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“Interestingly, Treyvaud et al. (2014) found that mental health issues at two years, did not predict moderate to severe anxiety or depression when the child was aged seven in parents of VLBW children, as opposed to parents of FT.”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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“Having an infant admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is associated with increased parental stress, anxiety and depression.”
From Coached, Coordinated, Enhanced Neonatal Transition (CCENT): Protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial of transition-to-home support for parents of high-risk infants (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
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“total stress in both parent- and child- related domain even when controlling for social risk and child disability”
From Parental stress and mental health outcomes following very preterm birth: A systematic review of recent findings (2024) · cites this paper as Treyvaud et al., 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- Treyvaud, K., Lee, K. J., Doyle, L. W., & Anderson, P. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Royal Women's Hospital (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Treyvaud, Karli
- Venue
- The Journal of Pediatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 515-521
- ISSN
- 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3950307
- OpenAlex
- W2055723303
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 9.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD058056, R01HD058056)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- very preterm birth, parental mental health, parental anxiety, parental depression, family functioning, parental stress, social support, long-term outcomes, term-born children, neurodevelopmental disorders, parental support needs
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Depression, Family Relations, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Male, Mental Health, Parents, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
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