The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validity of depression rating scales during pregnancy and the postpartum period: Impact of trimester and parity
Open accessAbstract
The objective of the current study was to delineate the optimal cutpoints for depression rating scales during pregnancy and the postpartum period and to assess the perinatal factors influencing these scores. Women participating in prospective investigations of maternal mental illness were enrolled prior to 28 weeks gestation and followed through 6 months postpartum. At each visit, subjects completed self-rated depression scales--Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and clinician-rated scales--Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD(17) and HRSD(21)). These scores were compared to the SCID Mood Module for the presence of fulfilling diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode (MDE) during 6 perinatal windows: preconception; first trimester; 2nd trimester; 3rd trimester; early postpartum; and later postpartum. Optimal cutpoints were determined by maximizing the sum of each scale's sensitivity and specificity. Stratified ROC analyses determined the impact of previous pregnancy and comparison of initial to follow-up visits. A total of 534 women encompassing 640 pregnancies and 4025 follow-up visits were included. ROC analysis demonstrated that all 4 scales were highly predictive of MDE. The AUCs ranged from 0.857 to 0.971 and were all highly significant (p < .0001). Optimal cutpoints were higher at initial visits and for multigravidas and demonstrated more variability for the self-rated scales. These data indicate that both clinician-rated and self-rated scales can be effective tools in identifying perinatal episodes of major depression. However, the results also suggest that prior childbirth experiences and the use of scales longitudinally across the perinatal period influence optimal cutpoints.
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“Although previous research conducted a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis comparing the EPDS, BDI, and HRSD scores with the SCID Mood Module and showed that these scales were highly predictive of a major depressive episode,153”
From Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes (2019) · cites this paper as [153]
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An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
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Detection of Postnatal Depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
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Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Incidence
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Rates and risk of postpartum depression – a meta-analysis
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Prevalence of Depression During Pregnancy: Systematic Review
Bennett, H. A., Einarson, A., Taddio, A., Koren, G., & Einarson, T. R. (2004) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000116689.75396.5f · Cited by 1,725
Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth
Evans, J., Heron, J., Francomb, H., Oke, S., & Golding, J. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7307.257 · Cited by 1,273
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Epidemiology of Puerperal Psychoses
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Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes
Slomian, J., Honvo, G., Emonts, P., Reginster, J.-Y., & Bruyère, O. (2019) · Women's Health · doi:10.1177/1745506519844044 · Cited by 1,496
Postpartum depression: Etiology, treatment and consequences for maternal care
Brummelte, S., & Galea, L. A. M. (2016) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.08.008 · Cited by 567
Monk, C., Feng, T., Lee, S., Krupska, I., Champagne, F. A., & Tycko, B. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15091171 · Cited by 304
Putnam, K. T., Wilcox, M., Robertson‐Blackmore, E., Sharkey, K. M., Bergink, V., Munk‐Olsen, T., Deligiannidis, K. M., Payne, J. L., Altemus, M. M., Newport, D. J., et al. (2017) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30136-0 · Cited by 308
Self-citationIncorporating Recognition and Management of Perinatal Depression Into Pediatric Practice
Rafferty, J. R., Mattson, G. L., Earls, M. F., Yogman, M. W., Gambon, T. B., Lavin, A., & Wissow, L. S. (2018) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2018-3260 · Cited by 279
Metadata
- Authors
- Ji, S., Long, Q., Jeffrey Newport, D., Na, H., Knight, B., Zach, E. B., Morris, N. J., Kutner, M., & Stowe, Z. N.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Long, Qi
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 213-219
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2945623
- OpenAlex
- W2108917431
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- School of Medicine, Emory University
- National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH068036, P50MH077928)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- perinatal depression, major depressive episode, depression rating scales, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity, pregnancy trimesters, parity, multigravida
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimesters, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Postpartum Period
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