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Transient amorphous calcium phosphate in forming enamel

Open access
Beniash, Elia, Metzler, Rebecca A., Lam, Raymond S.K., Gilbert, P.U.P.A.·2009·Journal of Structural Biology

Abstract

Enamel, the hardest tissue in the body, begins as a three-dimensional network of nanometer size mineral particles, suspended in a protein gel. This mineral network serves as a template for mature enamel formation. To further understand the mechanisms of enamel formation we characterized the forming enamel mineral at an early secretory stage using x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectromicroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR microspectroscopy and polarized light microscopy. We show that the newly formed enamel mineral is amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), which eventually transforms into apatitic crystals. Interestingly, the size, shape and spatial organization of these amorphous mineral particles and older crystals are essentially the same, indicating that the mineral morphology and organization in enamel is determined prior to its crystallization. Mineralization via transient amorphous phases has been previously reported in chiton teeth, mollusk shells, echinoderm spicules and spines, and recent reports strongly suggest the presence transient amorphous mineral in forming vertebrate bones. The present finding of transient ACP in murine tooth enamel suggests that this strategy might be universal.

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Metadata

Authors
Beniash, E., Metzler, R. A., Lam, R. S. K., & Gilbert, P. U. P. A.
Venue
Journal of Structural Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-05
Volume
166
Issue
2
Pages
133-143
ISSN
1047-8477 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2109207624
Cited by
444
References
47
FWCI
15.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Transient amorphous calcium phosphate in forming enamel. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jsb.2009.02.001
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Beniash, E., Metzler, R. A., Lam, R. S. K., & Gilbert, P. U. P. A. (2009). Transient amorphous calcium phosphate in forming enamel. Journal of Structural Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2009.02.001

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