A microtubule RELION-based pipeline for cryo-EM image processing
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Abstract
Microtubules are polar filaments built from αβ-tubulin heterodimers that exhibit a range of architectures in vitro and in vivo. Tubulin heterodimers are arranged helically in the microtubule wall but many physiologically relevant architectures exhibit a break in helical symmetry known as the seam. Noisy 2D cryo-electron microscopy projection images of pseudo-helical microtubules therefore depict distinct but highly similar views owing to the high structural similarity of α- and β-tubulin. The determination of the αβ-tubulin register and seam location during image processing is essential for alignment accuracy that enables determination of biologically relevant structures. Here we present a pipeline designed for image processing and high-resolution reconstruction of cryo-electron microscopy microtubule datasets, based in the popular and user-friendly RELION image-processing package, Microtubule RELION-based Pipeline (MiRP). The pipeline uses a combination of supervised classification and prior knowledge about geometric lattice constraints in microtubules to accurately determine microtubule architecture and seam location. The presented method is fast and semi-automated, producing near-atomic resolution reconstructions with test datasets that contain a range of microtubule architectures and binding proteins.
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The 13-protofilament assignment of the initial average was confirmed by overlaying and cross-correlating it with the six references (11-16 protofilaments) from the Microtubule RELION-based Pipeline (MiRP).
“This was confirmed by overlaying and cross-correlating the average with the six references (11–16 PFs) from the Microtubule RELION-based Pipeline (MiRP) (Cook et al., 2020).”
From StableMARK-decorated microtubules in cells have expanded lattices (2025) · cites this paper as Cook et al., 2020
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Direct visualization of the microtubule lattice seam both in vitro and in vivo
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LaFrance, B. J., Roostalu, J., Henkin, G., Greber, B. J., Zhang, R., Normanno, D., McCollum, C. O., Surrey, T., & Nogales, E. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2114994119 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
StableMARK-decorated microtubules in cells have expanded lattices
de Jager, L., Jansen, K. I., Hoogebeen, R., Akhmanova, A., Kapitein, L. C., Förster, F., & Howes, S. C. (2025) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202206143 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Structural basis of microtubule-mediated signal transduction
Choi, S. R., Blum, T. B., Giono, M., Roy, B., Vakonakis, I., Schmid, D., Oelgarth, N., Ranganathan, A., Gossert, A. D., Shivashankar, G. V., et al. (2026) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2025.11.011 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cook, A. D., Manka, S. W., Wang, S., Moores, C. A., & Atherton, J.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Atherton, Joseph
- Venue
- Journal of Structural Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 209
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 107402
- ISSN
- 1047-8477 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6961209
- OpenAlex
- W2980132977
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Structural Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (MR/R000352/1)
- Wellcome Trust (079605/Z/06/Z, 101488/Z/13/Z)
- BBSRC (BB/L014211/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Keywords
- microtubules, αβ-tubulin, RELION, high-resolution reconstruction, binding proteins
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Microtubules, Databases, Factual, Cryoelectron Microscopy
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