Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption of methylene blue and remazol dyes onto steam-activated carbons developed from date pits
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Steam-activated carbons DS2 and DS5 were prepared by gasifying 600 °C-date pits carbonization products with steam at 950 °C to burn-off = 20 and 50%, respectively. The textural properties of these carbons were determined from the nitrogen adsorption at −196 °C. The chemistry of the carbon surface was determined from the surface pH and from neutralization of the surface carbon–oxygen groups of basic and acidic type. The kinetic and equilibrium adsorption of MB and RY on DS2 and DS5 was determined at 27 and 37 °C and at initial sorption solution pH 3–7. DS2 and DS5 have expanded surface area, large total pore volume and contain both micro and mesoporosity. They have on their surface basic and acidic groups of different strength and functionality. This enhanced the sorption of the cationic dye (MB) and of the anionic dye (RY). The adsorption of MB and RY on DS2 and DS5 involves intraparticle diffusion and followed pseudo-second order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms were applicable to the Langmuir isotherm and high monolayer capacities for MB and RY dyes were evaluated indicating the high efficiencies of the carbons for dye adsorption.
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The negative ΔS values for both MB and CR were ascribed to the adsorbates losing randomness in the solid-solute interface during the adsorption process.
“The negative value in both MB and CR for ΔS was ascribed to the fact that the adsorbates lose randomness in the solid-solute interface during the adsorption process47,58,79–81.”
From The removal of anionic and cationic dyes from an aqueous solution using biomass-based activated carbon (2021) · cites this paper as [81]
The Materials section identifies the dyes studied as methylene blue (MB) and remazol yellow (RY), not Congo red (CR). Searches for negative ΔS, entropy, and loss of randomness found no passage in our copy addressing that explanation; the Adsorption isotherms section instead discusses electrostatic and dispersive interactions. Page numbers were not available in the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.75)
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- Authors
- Ashour, S. S.
- Affiliations
- Umm al-Qura University (SA)
- Corresponding author
- Ashour, Sheikha S.
- Venue
- Journal of Saudi Chemical Society
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47-53
- ISSN
- 1319-6103 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021183474
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Saudi Chemical Society (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
- Keywords
- methylene blue, Remazol dyes, dye adsorption, steam activation, date pits, activated carbon, adsorption kinetics, pseudo-second-order kinetics, intraparticle diffusion, Langmuir isotherm, surface functional groups, cationic and anionic dyes, dye removal
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