Maximal gene number maintainable by stochastic correction – The second error threshold
Abstract
There is still no general solution to Eigen׳s Paradox, the chicken-or-egg problem of the origin of life: neither accurate copying, nor long genomes could have evolved without one another being established beforehand. But an array of small, individually replicating genes might offer a workaround, provided that multilevel selection assists the survival of the ensemble. There are two key difficulties that such a system has to overcome: the non-synchronous replication of genes, and their random assortment into daughter cells (the units of higher-level selection) upon fission. Here we find, using the Stochastic Corrector Model framework, that a large number (τ≥90) of genes can coexist. Furthermore, the system can tolerate about 10% replication rate asymmetry (competition) among the genes. On this basis, we put forward a plausible (and testable!) scenario for how novel genes could have been incorporated into early living systems: a route to complex metabolism.
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Hubai and Kun, under more realistic assumptions, concluded that approximately 100 different genes could have survived in a simple protocell.
“Hubai and Kun, under more realistic assumptions, concluded that ~100 different genes could have survived in a simple protocell [30].”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [30]
Effect of mitigating competitive exclusion has been verified in stochastic corrector model (SCM) for up to a hundred different replicators.
“The effect of mitigating competitive exclusion has been verified in the stochastic corrector model (SCM) for up to a hundred different replicators [30].”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [30]
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“…copy) may have somewhat filtered against errors, provided erroneous insertions had slowed down replication (Huang et al., 1992; Mendelman et al., 1990; Perrino and Loeb, 1989): erroneous copies would have thus suffered from an inherent fitness disadvantage (Leu et al., 2012; Rajamani et al., 2010).”
BackgroundMultilevel Selection in Models of Prebiotic Evolution: Compartments and Spatial Self-organization
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Cascade of reduced speed and accuracy after errors in enzyme-free copying of nucleic acid sequences
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“…copy) may have somewhat filtered against errors, provided erroneous insertions had slowed down replication (Huang et al., 1992; Mendelman et al., 1990; Perrino and Loeb, 1989): erroneous copies would have thus suffered from an inherent fitness disadvantage (Leu et al., 2012; Rajamani et al., 2010).”
Background“Living” under the challenge of information decay: the stochastic corrector model vs. hypercycles
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Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems
Szilágyi, A., Zachar, I., Scheuring, I., Kun, Á., Könnyű, B., & Czárán, T. (2017) · Life · doi:10.3390/life7040048 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“Hubai and Kun, under more realistic assumptions, concluded that ~100 different genes could have survived in a simple protocell [30].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
- Authors
- Hubai, A. G., & Kun, Á.
- Affiliations
- Eötvös Loránd University (HU)
- Corresponding author
- Kun, Ádám
- Venue
- Journal of Theoretical Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 405
- Pages
- 29-35
- ISSN
- 0022-5193 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2258189510
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Theoretical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- European Community׳s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013, 294332)
- European Union
- European Social Fund (TAMOP 4.2.1/B-09/1/KMR-2010-0003)
- Hungarian Research (K100299)
- János Bolyai Research Fellowship
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- error threshold, origin of life, multilevel selection, gene replication, self-replicating systems
- MeSH terms
- Cell Survival, DNA Replication, Models, Genetic, Stochastic Processes, Genetic Variation, Gene Dosage
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