Extracellular vesicles as an emerging tool for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a series of interacting pathophysiological cascades, including the aggregation of β-amyloid plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles derived from hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. AD is the cause of approximately 70 % of dementia, an irreversible and untreatable syndrome at its late stage. Hence, more efforts should be devoted to identifying at-risk or preclinical AD populations for early intervention and the improved design of drug trials. The exosome, a nanoscale subtype of extracellular vesicle that serves as a cell-to-cell communication messenger, is an emerging liquid biopsy tool for various diseases including AD. Recently, it has been discovered that brain-derived exosomes can flow through the blood-brain barrier to the peripheral blood, containing important protein and nucleic acid biomarkers that are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Other reports showed a strong involvement of exosomes in synaptic function, insulin resistance, and neuroinflammation, among others. Here, we summarize those studies and assess the value of exosomes as an emerging tool for the early detection of AD in conjunction with the current clinical diagnosis paradigm.
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Because of incomplete understanding of the origins of CNS disorders, there is currently no foolproof method for early detection of such disorders.
“For instance, because of the incomplete understanding of the origins of CNS disorders, there is currently no foolproof method for the early detection of such disorders [311, 312].”
From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [312]
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Extracellular Vesicle Proteins and MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury
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Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions
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- Authors
- Li, T.-R., Wang, X.-N., Sheng, C., Li, Y.-X., Li, F. Z.-T., Sun, Y., & Han, Y.
- Affiliations
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Yu
- Han, Ying
- Venue
- Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 184
- Pages
- 111175
- ISSN
- 0047-6374 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2982982531
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mechanisms of Ageing and Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Basic Research Program of China (81430037, 2016YFC1306300, 2018YFC1312001)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61633018 81801052)
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M641414, Foundation2018M641414)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, early detection, liquid biopsy, blood biomarkers, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, blood-brain barrier, amyloid-beta, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, synaptic function, diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Extracellular Vesicles, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Risk Assessment, Early Diagnosis, Exosomes
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