Cited by 2Moyamoya disease diagnosis and treatmentAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerBarrier Structure and Function Studies

RNF213 deficiency in human iPSC-derived vascular organoids captures key feature of moyamoya disease vasculopathy

Wu, Mingxing, Li, Sen, Liu, Wei, Guo, Zhaoheng, Guo, Zhiying, Zhang, Dong·2026·Microvascular Research

Abstract

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to establish a human iPSC-derived model of Moyamoya disease (MMD) by generating RNF213-knockdown vascular organoids to capture key disease-relevant vascular features. METHODS RNF213-knockdown iPSC lines were established using lentiviral shRNA and selected with puromycin. Knockdown efficiency was validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Vascular organoids were differentiated from the engineered iPSCs using the STEMdiff™ Blood Vessel Organoid Kit according to the manufacturer's protocol. Organoids were analyzed by immunofluorescence for vascular markers (CD31, COL4A1, PDGFR-β, α-SMA) and transcriptomic profiling was performed using DRUG-seq. RESULTS Three distinct RNF213-knockdown iPSC clones were successfully generated, exhibiting varying knockdown efficiencies. qPCR analysis demonstrated RNF213 mRNA reductions of approximately 22% (V1), 70% (V2), and 88% (V3), with corresponding decreases in protein levels confirmed by Western blot. Although V2 and V3 clones displayed more substantial molecular knockdown, organoids derived from the V1 clone manifested the most severe phenotypic abnormalities, characterized by disrupted CD31+ endothelial networks and Collagen IV+ basement membranes. Transcriptomic profiling identified 1543 differentially expressed genes, with enrichment analysis revealing significant dysregulation of angiogenesis-related pathways. This included marked upregulation of pro-angiogenic factors (CCL5, EREG) and downregulation of inhibitory factors (TNMD), effectively recapitulating key molecular features of Moyamoya disease. CONCLUSION We developed a novel human vascular organoid model with RNF-213 deficiency that captures key features of MMD vasculopathy, providing a valuable platform for mechanistic studies and drug screening.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.mvr.2026.104979

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Authors
Wu, M., Li, S., Liu, W., Guo, Z., Guo, Z., & Zhang, D.
Affiliations
Capital Medical University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zhang, Dong
Venue
Microvascular Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2026-09
Volume
167
Pages
104979
ISSN
0026-2862 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W7164844032
Cited by
2
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 2
FWCI
9.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Microvascular Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2500502)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Moyamoya disease diagnosis and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
Keywords
RNF213, moyamoya disease, vascular organoids, induced pluripotent stem cells, angiogenesis, basement membrane, disease modeling, gene expression profiling, RANTES, epiregulin
MeSH terms
Angiogenesis, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Cell Differentiation, Humans, Moyamoya Disease, Organoids, Phenotype, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, RNA Interference, Angiogenic Proteins, Endothelial Cells, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Transcriptome

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