Aberrant functional connectivity differentiates retrosplenial cortex from posterior cingulate cortex in prodromal Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is a key hub of the default mode network, a resting-state network involved in episodic memory, showing functional connectivity (FC) changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, PCC is a cytoarchitectonically heterogeneous region. Specifically, the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), often subsumed under the PCC, is an area functionally and microanatomically distinct from PCC. To investigate FC patterns of RSC and PCC separately, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy aging participants, patients with subjective cognitive impairment, and prodromal AD. Compared to the other 2 groups, we found higher FC from RSC to frontal cortex in subjective cognitive impairment but higher FC to occipital cortex in prodromal AD. Conversely, FC from PCC to the lingual gyrus was higher in prodromal AD. Furthermore, data indicate that RSC and PCC are characterized by differential FC patterns represented by hub-specific interactions with memory and attentions scores in prodromal AD compared to cognitively normal individuals, possibly reflecting compensatory mechanisms for RSC and neurodegenerative processes for PCC. Data thus confirm and extend previous studies suggesting that the RSC is functionally distinct from PCC.
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Subjects with subjective cognitive decline exhibit higher functional connectivity in the retrosplenial cortex and precuneus and lower functional connectivity in the frontal-parietal cortex and putative posterior memory system.
“Subjects with SCD exhibited higher FC in the retrosplenial cortex and precuneus and lower FC in the frontal-parietal cortex and putative posterior memory system [115, 136, 137].”
From Neuroimaging advances regarding subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (2020) · cites this paper as [136]
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“…role in attention, language, and social cognition 39 , the angular gyrus (Figure 1F), which is involved in language processing, spatial cognition, and memory retrieval 40 , and the posterior cingular cortex (Figure 1G), which is involved in memory, navigation, and self-referential thought 41 .”
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“Additionally, Dillen et al. 14 reported higher functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate gyri (PCG) and the frontal lobe in SCD individuals.”
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“One of the earliest functional changes that can be detected in the brains of individuals prior to the onset of AD is dysfunction within the RSC (Ash et al., 2016; Dillen et al., 2016; Trask and Fournier, 2022).”
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“Another probable explanation lies in the idea that functional and structural changes to the RSC have been proposed to be more pronounced in pathological aging than normal aging (Fjell et al., 2014; Dillen et al., 2016).”
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“…connectivity changes have been associated with However, brain activity findings in SCD have been inconsistent including decreased memory-related activity in hippocampal, superior parietal, occipital and posterior cingulate regions [53,54,60] and decreased DMN functional connectivity[46,61 – 63].”
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Puche, A. C., Ochoa-Gómez, J., Agudelo-Londoño, Y. A., Rodas-Marín, J. K., & Tobón-Quintero, C. A. (2021) · TecnoLógicas · doi:10.22430/22565337.2118
Shen, J. (2026) · Advances in Clinical Medicine · doi:10.12677/acm.2026.16103469
Neural Generators of the N2 Component for Abstinent Heroin Addicts in a Dot-Probe Task
Li, H., Zhao, Q.-L., Hu, B., Zhou, Y., & Liu, Q.-Y. (2018) · Advances in cognitive neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8854-4_40
- Authors
- Dillen, K. N. H., Jacobs, H. I. L., Kukolja, J., von Reutern, B., Richter, N., Onur, Ö. A., Dronse, J., Langen, K.-J., & Fink, G. R.
- Affiliations
- Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- University Hospital Cologne (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Dillen, Kim N.H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 44
- Pages
- 114-126
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2339006771
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- DFG individual grant (JA 2336/1-1)
- Marga and Walter Boll Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- retrosplenial cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, prodromal Alzheimer's disease, functional connectivity, default mode network, subjective cognitive impairment, resting-state networks, memory, attention, compensatory mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Attention, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Net, Functional Neuroimaging, Cognitive Dysfunction, Memory, Episodic
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