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Cited by 124Neurobiology of Language and BilingualismLanguage Development and DisordersReading and Literacy Development

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 83 of the 83 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Brain potentials reveal semantic priming in both the ‘active’ and the ‘non-attended’ language of early bilinguals

Martin, Clara D., Dering, Benjamin, Thomas, Enlli M., Thierry, Guillaume·2009·NeuroImage
DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.025
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Abstract

A key question in the study of bilingual functioning is whether both the languages known are active at all times or whether one language can be selectively inactivated when bilingual individuals are tuned to the other language. Psycholinguistic and neuroscientific investigations have provided inconsistent data regarding the level of semantic activation of the two languages, even in the case of highly proficient bilinguals. In the present study, highly proficient, early Welsh/English bilinguals were presented with words in both their languages and were required to make word length decisions on words in one language while disregarding words in the other. Participants were not explicitly told about the organization of the word stream in pairs manipulating (a) semantic relatedness, (b) language of the prime and (c) language of the target in a fully counterbalanced two-by-two-by-two design. We observed significant semantic priming for both English and Welsh target words, irrespective of the active language, and independent of performance in the low-level letter counting task. We conclude that accessing the meaning of a written word is automatic in the two languages even when fluent bilingual adults are instructed to disregard words in one of their languages.

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Metadata

Authors
Martin, C. D., Dering, B., Thomas, E. M., & Thierry, G.
Affiliations
Bangor University (GB)
Corresponding author
Martin, Clara D.
ORCID
Venue
NeuroImage
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-08
Volume
47
Issue
1
Pages
326-333
ISSN
1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.025
OpenAlex
W2051431873
Cited by
124
References
78
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 10
FWCI
3.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Bangor University
  • Economic and Social Research Council (ES/E024556/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Keywords
semantic priming, bilingualism, early bilinguals, semantic activation, automatic semantic processing, event-related potentials
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Brain, Cognition, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Female, Humans, Male, Reading, Semantics, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Multilingualism, Young Adult

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