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Common and unique neural networks for proactive and reactive response inhibition revealed by independent component analysis of functional MRI data
Abstract
Response inhibition involves proactive and reactive modes. Proactive inhibition is goal-directed, triggered by warning cues, and serves to restrain actions. Reactive inhibition is stimulus-driven, triggered by salient stop-signals, and used to stop actions completely. Functional MRI studies have identified brain regions that activate during proactive and reactive inhibition. It remains unclear how these brain regions operate in functional networks, and whether proactive and reactive inhibition depend on common networks, unique networks, or a combination. To address this we analyzed a large fMRI dataset (N=65) of a stop-signal task designed to measure proactive and reactive inhibition, using independent component analysis (ICA). We found 1) three frontal networks that were associated with both proactive and reactive inhibition, 2) one network in the superior parietal lobe, which also included dorsal premotor cortex and left putamen, that was specifically associated with proactive inhibition, and 3) two right-lateralized frontal and fronto-parietal networks, including the right inferior frontal gyrus and temporoparietal junction as well as a bilateral fronto-temporal network that were uniquely associated with reactive inhibition. Overlap between networks was observed in dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. Taken together, we offer a new perspective on the neural underpinnings of inhibitory control, by showing that proactive inhibition and reactive inhibition are supported by a group of common and unique networks that appear to integrate and interact in frontoparietal areas.
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“The effective integration of these processes relies not only on the functional recruitment of implicated brain regions, but also on the strength of connectivity among them (Hwang et al., 2010, van Belle et al., 2014).”
From The dual systems model: Review, reappraisal, and reaffirmation (2016) · cites this paper as van Belle et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Third, the use of the data generated from stop signal tasks to assess action cancellation drew more on proactive than reactive control for inhibiting inappropriate responses (Aron 2011; Vink et al. 2014; Van Belle et al. 2014; Vink et al. 2015).”
From Large-scale functional neural network correlates of response inhibition: an fMRI meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as Van Belle et al. 2014
In the citing paper
“Moreover, specific neural correlates for each subcategory of response inhibition may also help us to identify phenotypes for mental disorders (Van Belle et al. 2014), such as schizophrenia and ADHD.”
From Large-scale functional neural network correlates of response inhibition: an fMRI meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as Van Belle et al. 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- van Belle, J., Vink, M., Durston, S., & Zandbelt, B. B.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 103
- Pages
- 65-74
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1987055966
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 6.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- response inhibition, proactive inhibition, reactive inhibition, inhibitory control, artificial neural networks, stop-signal task, frontal network, superior parietal lobule, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, right hemisphere lateralization, temporoparietal junction, inferior frontal gyrus, putamen, dorsal premotor cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Reactive Inhibition
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