The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Association between neuroticism and amygdala responsivity emerges under stressful conditions
Open accessAbstract
Increased amygdala reactivity in response to salient stimuli is seen in patients with affective disorders, in healthy subjects at risk for these disorders, and in stressed individuals, making it a prime target for mechanistic studies into the pathophysiology of affective disorders. However, whereas individual differences in neuroticism are thought to modulate the effect of stress on mental health, the mechanistic link between stress, neuroticism and amygdala responsivity is unknown. Thus, we studied the relationship between experimentally induced stress, individual differences in neuroticism, and amygdala responsivity. To this end, fearful and happy faces were presented to a large cohort of young, healthy males (n=120) in two separate functional MRI sessions (stress versus control) in a randomized, controlled cross-over design. We revealed that amygdala reactivity was modulated by an interaction between the factors of stress, neuroticism, and the emotional valence of the facial stimuli. Follow-up analysis showed that neuroticism selectively enhanced amygdala responses to fearful faces in the stress condition. Thus, we show that stress unmasks an association between neuroticism and amygdala responsivity to potentially threatening stimuli. This effect constitutes a possible mechanistic link within the complex pathophysiology of affective disorders, and our novel approach appears suitable for further studies targeting the underlying mechanisms.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP)26 is a cognitive-behavioral intervention designed to address neuroticism, which has been considered a predictor of depressive and anxiety disorders.27-30”
From Improved quality of life and reduced depressive symptoms in medical students after a single-session intervention (2020) · cites this paper as [28]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
(1970) · Cited by 24,983
Tzourio-Mazoyer, N., Landeau, B., Papathanassiou, D., Crivello, F., Etard, O., Delcroix, N., Mazoyer, B., & Joliot, M. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0978 · Cited by 16,319
Murray, C. J. L., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61689-4 · Cited by 8,888
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene
Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H., McClay, J., Mill, J., Martin, J., Braithwaite, A., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1083968 · Cited by 8,120
Kirschbaum, C., Pirke, K.-M., & Hellhammer, D. H. (2008) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000119004 · Cited by 6,093
The cognitive control of emotion
OCHSNER, K., & GROSS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.010 · Cited by 4,495
Ekman, P. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,345
Etkin, A., & Wager, T. D. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07030504 · Cited by 3,391 · cited 2×
“To investigate the underlying neurobiology of these affective disorders and establish potential targets for treatment, functional neuroimaging studies have examined patients and compared them to healthy controls (Drevets et al., 2008; Etkin and Wager, 2007; Hamilton et al., 2012).”
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–115 of 115
Schermer, J. A., & Saklofske, D. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.014
Social Relations and Social Support
Austin, E. Q., Knack, J. M., Jensen‐Campbell, L. A., & Rex‐Lear, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.036
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.002
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.046
Personality traits affect anticipatory stress vulnerability and coping effectivenessPreprint
Schlatter, S., Louisy, S., Canada, B., Thérond, C., Duclos, A., Blakeley, C., Lehot, J.-J., Rimmele, T. R., Guillot, A., Lilot, M., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1840272/v1
Ward‐Ciesielski, E. F., Curreri, A. J., Woods, B. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14332-8_10
Kumpulainen, V., Kataja, E., Pulli, E. P., Copeland, A., Silver, E. A., Häikiö, T., Saukko, E., Korja, R., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.11.01.565103
Atwa, S. A., Bassiony, M. M., Said, M., & Fouad, E. (2023) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-023-00379-1
Neuroscientific Considerations
Bertsch, K., & Herpertz, S. C. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191964343.003.0036
Ye, S., Dave, A., Lan, X., Witter, M. P., Salami, A., & Ziaei, M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.02.04.703682
Wang, X., Wang, P., Niu, M., Yangyang, C., Almulla, A. F., Chen, C., Li, J., Zhang, Y., & Maes, M. H. J. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121840
Li, J., Li, X., Li, R., Luo, J., Xu, Y., & Yao, G. (2026) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsag035
Metadata
- Authors
- Everaerd, D., Klumpers, F., van Wingen, G., Tendolkar, I., & Fernández, G.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Everaerd, Daphne
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-05
- Volume
- 112
- Pages
- 218-224
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2055314272
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 4.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (918.66.613)
- Radboud University Medical Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- neuroticism, stress, individual differences, emotional valence, fearful faces, happy faces, mood disorders, threat detection
- MeSH terms
- Neuroticism, Adolescent, Adult, Amygdala, Anxiety Disorders, Emotions, Facial Expression, Fear, Hemodynamics, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Individuality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Photic Stimulation, Stress, Psychological, Cohort Studies, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
