A commentary on establishing norms for error-related brain activity during the arrow flanker task among young adults
Open accessAbstract
We suggest that a large data set for the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) components of the scalp-recorded event-related brain potential (ERP) recently published as normative is not ready for such use in research and, especially, clinical application. Such efforts are challenged by an incomplete understanding of the functional significance of between-person differences in amplitudes and of nuisance factors that contribute to amplitude differences, a lack of standardization of methods, and the use of a convenience sample for the potentially normative database. To move ERPs toward standardization and useful norms, we encourage more research on the meaning of differences in ERN scores, including factors that influence between- and within-person variation, and the dissemination of protocols for data collection and processing.
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Additional moderators are likely present, influencing effect sizes and the utility of the ERN as an individual difference metric.
“Therefore, additional moderators are likely present, influencing effect sizes and the utility of the ERN as an individual difference metric (Clayson et al., 2021).”
From The Error-Related Negativity (ERN) in Anxiety and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Call for Further Investigation of Task Parameters in the Flanker Task (2021) · cites this paper as Clayson et al., 2021
The indexed passages (section labeled “a b s t r a c t”; page unavailable) describe multiple contextual and nuisance factors affecting ERN scores and say that individual differences have little predictive utility in isolation. They support the concern about the ERN’s utility as an individual-difference metric, but do not specifically establish that additional moderators influence effect sizes. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Clayson, P. E., Kappenman, E. S., Gehring, W. J., Miller, G. A., & Larson, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- San Diego State University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Brigham Young University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Clayson, Peter E.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 234
- Pages
- 117932
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3133960300
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
- Keywords
- error-related negativity, error positivity, reference values, event-related potentials, between-person variation, convenience samples
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Young Adult
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