A novel solution for hydrogen monitoring in fusion processes: 3D printed BaCe0.6Zr0.3Y0.1O3-α sensors
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The control of tritium (3H) in liquid-based tritium breeding blankets (TBBs) is one of the key points to assure their correct performance to prove the 3H sufficiency. For that, electrochemical sensors are a good option for tritium quantification since they can perform in-situ and online measurements. One of the multiple challenges for hydrogen detection is to find suitable materials that can operate at high temperatures and in harsh environments. In this context, perovskite-type ceramics, such as BaCe0.6Zr0.3Y0.1O3-α (BCZY), have elevated proton conductivity and exceptional stability even in reducing atmospheres and at elevated temperatures, which make them strong contenders for high-temperature hydrogen sensing applications. In the present study, we describe the development of a dual-mode hydrogen sensors based on 3D-printed BCZY, which allows a high degree of design flexibility. Crucible geometries were tested and characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical sensors were constructed and characterized at 400, 450 and 500 °C in both, amperometric and potentiometric configuration. The results demonstrated the capability of 3D-printed BCZY sensors for hydrogen detection in fusion reactors, offering a breakthrough solution for monitoring fusion processes.
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In perovskite-based electrochemical sensors, the working electrode is usually composed of perovskite materials or their composites.
“As presented in Figure 3B, in perovskite-based electrochemical sensors, the working electrode is usually composed of perovskite materials or their composites [66].”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
Perovskite-based electrochemical sensors can be classified into potentiometric, amperometric, and conductometric electrochemical sensors based on their working principles and application scenarios.
“Based on their working principles and application scenarios, perovskite-based electrochemical sensors can be classified into potentiometric, amperometric, and conductometric electrochemical sensors (Figure 3) [11,66,[68][69][70][71].”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
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Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Hinojo, A., Lujan, E., Abella, J., & Colominas, S.
- Affiliations
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Colominas, Sergi
- Venue
- Nuclear Materials and Energy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-06
- Volume
- 39
- Pages
- 101661
- ISSN
- 2352-1791 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4395085583
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nuclear Materials and Energy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Gobierno de Espana Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (PID2022-140347OB-I00)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (2021 FISDU 00136)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Bioengineering › Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Keywords
- hydrogen detection, tritium monitoring, tritium breeding blanket, perovskite oxides, proton conductivity, 3D-printed sensors, electrochemical sensor, amperometric sensor, potentiometric sensors, high-temperature sensors, fusion reactor, dual-mode sensor
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