Economic challenges of artificial intelligence adoption for diabetic retinopathy
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Challenges such as decreased performance on unseen imaging modalities and the commercially available AI diagnosis, which is difficult for medical insurance systems to cover, need to be addressed.
“However, challenges such as decreased performance on unseen imaging modalities and the commercially available AI diagnosis, which is difficult for medical insurance systems to cover,8 need to be addressed”
From Using artificial intelligence to improve human performance: efficient retinal disease detection training with synthetic images (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
Cites
Abràmoff, M. D., Lavin, P. T., Birch, M., Shah, N., & Folk, J. C. (2018) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-018-0040-6 · Cited by 1,638 · see citing works
Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States, 2005-2008
Zhang, X., Saaddine, J. B., Chou, C.-F., Cotch, M. F., Cheng, Y. J., Geiss, L. S., Gregg, E. W., Albright, A. L., Klein, B. E. K., & Klein, R. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1111 · Cited by 1,196 · see citing works
Mansberger, S. L., Gleitsmann, K., Gardiner, S. K., Sheppler, C. R., Demirel, S., Wooten, K., & Becker, T. M. (2013) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2012.0313 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Eye Care Utilization Among Insured People With Diabetes in the U.S., 2010–2014
Benoit, S. R., Swenor, B., Geiss, L. S., Gregg, E. W., & Saaddine, J. B. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc18-0828 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Gibson, D. M. (2019) · JAMA Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.6909 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Chen, E. M., Armstrong, G. W., Cox, J. T., Wu, D. M., Hoover, D. R., Priore, L. V. D., & Parikh, R. (2019) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.010 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rajesh, A. E., Davidson, O. Q., Lee, C. S., & Lee, A. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci23-0032 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Artificial intelligence and digital health in global eye health: opportunities and challenges
Tan, T. F., Thirunavukarasu, A. J., Jin, L., Lim, J., Poh, S. S. J., Teo, Z. L., Ang, M., Chan, R. V. P., Ong, J., Turner, A. W., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00323-6 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Characterizing the clinical adoption of medical AI devices through U.S. insurance claims
Wu, K., Wu, E., Theodorou, B., Liang, W., Mack, C., Glass, L., Sun, J., & Zou, J. (2024) · NEJM AI · doi:10.1056/aioa2300030 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Khanijahani, A., Iezadi, S., Dudley, S., Goettler, M., Kroetsch, P., & Wise, J. (2022) · Health Policy and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.hlpt.2022.100602 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Chen, M., Golding, L. P., & Nicola, G. N. (2021) · Radiology Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1148/ryai.2021210030 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Yousefi, F., Dehnavieh, R., Laberge, M., Gagnon, M.-P., Ghaemi, M. M., Nadali, M., & Azizi, N. (2025) · BMC Primary Care · doi:10.1186/s12875-025-02785-2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Economic Evaluations of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology
Ruamviboonsuk, P., Chantra, S., Seresirikachorn, K., Ruamviboonsuk, V., & Sangroongruangsri, S. (2021) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1097/apo.0000000000000403 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: Progress, challenges, and ethical implications
Savastano, M. C., Rizzo, C., Fossataro, C., Bacherini, D., Giansanti, F., Savastano, A., Arcuri, G., Rizzo, S., & Faraldi, F. (2025) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101374 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Tabuchi, H., Engelmann, J., Maeda, F., Nishikawa, R., Nagasawa, T., Yamauchi, T., Tanabe, M., Akada, M., Kihara, K., Nakae, Y., et al. (2024) · British Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1136/bjo-2023-324923 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Use of Artificial Intelligence–Based Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in the US
Shah, S., Sokol, J. T., Wai, K. M., Rahimy, E., Myung, D. J., Mruthyunjaya, P., & Parikh, R. (2024) · JAMA Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4493 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Reimbursement in the age of generalist radiology artificial intelligence
Dogra, S., Silva, E., & Rajpurkar, P. (2024) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-024-01352-w · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chou, Y.-B., Kale, A. U., Lanzetta, P., Aslam, T. M., Barratt, J., Danese, C., Eldem, B. M., Eter, N., Gale, R. P., Korobelnik, J., et al. (2023) · Current Opinion in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1097/icu.0000000000000979 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Patient-Centered Economic Burden of Diabetic Macular Edema: Retrospective Cohort Study
Choi, K., Park, S. J., Yoon, H., Choi, S., Mun, Y., Kim, S., Yoo, S., Woo, S. J., Park, K. H., Na, J., et al. (2024) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/56741 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pietris, J., Lam, A., Bacchi, S., Gupta, A. K., Kovoor, J. G., & Chan, W. O. (2022) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1097/apo.0000000000000565 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Surfing the COVID-19 Tsunami with Teleophthalmology: the Advent of New Models of Eye Care
Ricur, G., Reyes, J., Alfonso, E. C., & Marino, R. G. (2023) · Current Ophthalmology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40135-023-00308-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Leigh, J., Drinkwater, J., Turner, A., & Schroeder, E. (2026) · Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1111/ceo.70016 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
ChatGPT-5 versus other mainstream large language models in core diabetic retinopathy patient queries
Cang, X., MengXia, N., Song, C., Zhao, J., Guo, Y., Zou, Y., Zhang, Z., & Jiang, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2026.1754221 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Characterizing the clinical adoption of medical AI through U.S. insurance claimsPreprint
Wu, K., Wu, E., Theodorou, B., Liang, W., Mack, C. D., Glass, L. M., Sun, J., & Zou, J. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.08.26.23294629 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Medina, K. X. G., Coronel, K. M., & Guanopatin, M. S. H. (2024) · Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar · doi:10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i6.9274 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Liew, C., Tan, E. X., Salim, N. I. M., Razali, N. A. N., Sharifudin, A. H., Teo, S. Y., Subramaniam, S., Ngoo, Q. Z., Muthaiyah, S., & Muthu, K. S. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5909259/v1
Multimodal large language models for use in diabetic retinopathy screening
Mohammadi, S. S., Aggarwal, S., Aggarwal, K., Wiarda, G., Nguyen, K., Sarmiento, E. A., Nguyen, Q. D., & Gill, M. K. (2026) · Artificial Intelligence in Vision and Ophthalmology · doi:10.35119/aivo.v2i1.157
Lin, B., & Wei, B. (2026) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2026.115235
- Authors
- Chen, E. M., Chen, D., Chilakamarri, P., Lopez, R., & Parikh, R.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Parikh, Ravi
- Venue
- Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 475-477
- ISSN
- 0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3044376133
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research
- Keywords
- diabetic retinopathy, artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence adoption, economic barriers, diabetes screening, health insurance, Affordable Care Act, Medicaid expansion, blindness prevention
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Diabetic Retinopathy, Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological, Medicare, Humans, Ophthalmology, Reimbursement Mechanisms, Sensitivity and Specificity, United States
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review