The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence for spinal cord hypersensitivity in chronic pain after whiplash injury and in fibromyalgia
Abstract
Patients with chronic pain after whiplash injury and fibromyalgia patients display exaggerated pain after sensory stimulation. Because evident tissue damage is usually lacking, this exaggerated pain perception could be explained by hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. The nociceptive withdrawal reflex (a spinal reflex) may be used to study the excitability state of spinal cord neurons. We tested the hypothesis that patients with chronic whiplash pain and fibromyalgia display facilitated withdrawal reflex and therefore spinal cord hypersensitivity. Three groups were studied: whiplash (n=27), fibromyalgia (n=22) and healthy controls (n=29). Two types of transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the sural nerve were applied: single stimulus and five repeated stimuli at 2 Hz. Electromyography was recorded from the biceps femoris muscle. The main outcome measurement was the minimum current intensity eliciting a spinal reflex (reflex threshold). Reflex thresholds were significantly lower in the whiplash compared with the control group, after both single (P=0.024) and repeated (P=0.035) stimulation. The same was observed for the fibromyalgia group, after both stimulation modalities (P=0.001 and 0.046, respectively). We provide evidence for spinal cord hyperexcitability in patients with chronic pain after whiplash injury and in fibromyalgia patients. This can cause exaggerated pain following low intensity nociceptive or innocuous peripheral stimulation. Spinal hypersensitivity may explain, at least in part, pain in the absence of detectable tissue damage.
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“This central hypersensitivity causes exaggerated perception of painful stimuli (hyperalgesia) and a perception of innocuous stimuli as painful (allodynia) (Coderre et al., 1993; Dickenson, 1995).”
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Pain and emotion: a biopsychosocial review of recent research
Lumley, M. A., Cohen, J. L., Borszcz, G. S., Cano, A., Radcliffe, A. M., Porter, L. S., Schubiner, H., & Keefe, F. J. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20816 · Cited by 836
Fibromyalgia and overlapping disorders: The unifying concept of central sensitivity syndromes
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Meeus, M., & Nijs, J. (2007) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-006-0433-9 · Cited by 541
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Self-citationMusculoskeletal pain and exercise—Challenging existing paradigms and introducing new
Smith, B. E., Hendrick, P., Bateman, M., Holden, S., Littlewood, C., Smith, T. O., & Logan, P. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098983 · Cited by 166
Metadata
- Authors
- Banic, B., Petersen-Felix, S., Andersen, O. K., Radanov, B. P., Villiger, M. P., Arendt-Nielsen, L., & Curatolo, M.
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-15
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2100791720
- Cited by
- 462
- References
- 43
- FWCI
- 12.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Banic, B., Petersen-Felix, S., Andersen, O. K., Radanov, B. P., Villiger, M. P., Arendt-Nielsen, L., & Curatolo, M. (2004). Evidence for spinal cord hypersensitivity in chronic pain after whiplash injury and in fibromyalgia. Pain. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2003.05.001
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