The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo controlled study
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a severe chronic pain condition that most often develops following trauma. The pathophysiology of CRPS is not known but both clinical and experimental evidence demonstrate the important of the NMDA receptor and glial activation in its induction and maintenance. Ketamine is the most potent clinically available safe NMDA antagonist that has a well established role in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. This randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous ketamine in the treatment of CRPS. Before treatment, after informed consent was obtained, each subject was randomized into a ketamine or a placebo infusion group. Study subjects were evaluated for at least 2 weeks prior to treatment and for 3 months following treatment. All subjects were infused intravenously with normal saline with or without ketamine for 4h (25ml/h) daily for 10 days. The maximum ketamine infusion rate was 0.35mg/kg/h, not to exceed 25mg/h over a 4h period. Subjects in both the ketamine and placebo groups were administered clonidine and versed. This study showed that intravenous ketamine administered in an outpatient setting resulted in statistically significant (p<0.05) reductions in many pain parameters. It also showed that subjects in our placebo group demonstrated no treatment effect in any parameter. The results of this study warrant a larger randomized placebo controlled trial using higher doses of ketamine and a longer follow-up period.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The short-form McGill pain questionnaire
Melzack, R. (1987) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(87)91074-8 · Cited by 4,368
Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients
Berman, R. M., Cappiello, A., Anand, A., Oren, D. A., Heninger, G. R., Charney, D. S., & Krystal, J. H. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00230-9 · Cited by 3,856
A randomized trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression.
Zarate, C. A., Singh, J. B., Carlson, P. J., Brutsche, N. E., Ameli, R., Luckenbaugh, D. A., Charney, D. S., & Manji, H. K. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.8.856 · Cited by 3,766
Woolf, C. J., & Thompson, S. W. N. (1991) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90100-c · Cited by 1,963
Central sensitization and LTP: do pain and memory share similar mechanisms?
Ji, R.-R., Kohno, T., Moore, K. A., & Woolf, C. J. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2003.09.017 · Cited by 1,463
Proposed New Diagnostic Criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Harden, R. N., Bruehl, S., Stanton-Hicks, M., & Wilson, P. R. (2007) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00169.x · Cited by 952
The Science of Self-report: Implications for Research and Practice
(1999) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410601261 · Cited by 764
The Role of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptors in Pain: A Review
Petrenko, A. B., Yamakura, T., Baba, H., & Shimoji, K. (2003) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000081061.12235.55 · Cited by 675
Davies, S. N., & Lodge, D. (1987) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91487-9 · Cited by 663
Synaptic Plasticity in Spinal Lamina I Projection Neurons That Mediate Hyperalgesia
Ikeda, H., Heinke, B., Ruscheweyh, R., & Sandkühler, J. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1080659 · Cited by 569
Cited by
Central sensitization: implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain
Woolf, C. J. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.030 · Cited by 4,771
Murrough, J. W., Perez, A. M., Pillemer, S., Stern, J., Parides, M. K., aan het Rot, M., Collins, K. A., Mathew, S. J., Charney, D. S., & Iosifescu, D. V. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.022 · Cited by 786
Ketamine: A Review of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Anesthesia and Pain Therapy
Peltoniemi, M. A., Hagelberg, N. M., Olkkola, K. T., & Saari, T. I. (2016) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-016-0383-6 · Cited by 672
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Practical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines, 4th Edition
Harden, R. N., Oaklander, A. L., Burton, A. W., Perez, R. S. G. M., Richardson, K., Swan, M., Barthel, J., Costa, B., Graciosa, J. R., & Bruehl, S. (2013) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/pme.12033 · Cited by 534
Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind
Li, L., & Vlisides, P. E. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612 · Cited by 385
Metadata
- Authors
- Schwartzman, R. J., Alexander, G. M., Grothusen, J. R., Paylor, T., Reichenberger, E., & Perreault, M.
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 147
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 107-115
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2147812749
- Cited by
- 357
- References
- 57
- FWCI
- 23.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo controlled study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.pain.2009.08.015
- The paper
- Schwartzman, R. J., Alexander, G. M., Grothusen, J. R., Paylor, T., Reichenberger, E., & Perreault, M. (2009). Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo controlled study. Pain. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.08.015
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
