Influence of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Background/objectives Cachexia affects ∼ 80% of pancreatic cancer patients. An international consensus defines cachexia as an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) with or without loss of fat, which impairs body functioning and cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional measures. Weight loss percentage and elevated inflammation markers have been employed to define this condition earlier. This review aimed to assess the prevalence and consequences of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods The systematic review was performed by searching the articles with preset terms published in PubMed and Cochrane Database until December 2013. After identifying relevant titles, abstracts were read and eligible articles data retrieved on preformatted sheets. The prevalence and impact of sarcopenia/cachexia on survival was evaluated. Results In total 1145 articles were retrieved, only 10 were eligible. Definitions of cachexia and sarcopenia were heterogeneous. In patients with normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)) the prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 29.7 to 65%. In overweight or obese patients (BMI >25 kg/m(2)) were 16.2%-67%. Sarcopenia alone was not demonstrated to be an independent factor of decreased survival, although obese sarcopenic patients were shown to have significantly worse survival in two studies. Conclusions Impact of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is currently understudied in the available literature. Definitive association between cachexia and survival cannot be drawn from available studies, although weight loss and sarcopenic obesity might be considered as poor prognostic factors. Further prospective trials utilizing the consensus definition of cachexia and including other confounding factors are needed to investigate the impact of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Sarcopenia and fat loss are known components of the wasting syndrome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and may have prognostic implications.
“Indeed, sarcopenia and fat loss are known to be part of a wasting syndrome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and might have prognostic implications.117,118”
From Early detection of pancreatic cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [117]
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- Authors
- Ozola Zalite, I., Zykus, R., Francisco Gonzalez, M., Saygili, F., Pukitis, A., Gaujoux, S., Charnley, R. M., & Lyadov, V.
- Affiliations
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LT)
- Sorbonne Paris Cité (FR)
- Freeman Hospital (GB)
- Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Lyadov, V.
- Venue
- Pancreatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-24
- ISSN
- 1424-3903 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2068101666
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 1.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Pancreatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (submittedVersion)
- RUNA. Repositorio Institucional del Sergas (Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- Educational and Research Program Pancreas 2000
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- cachexia, sarcopenia, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, survival, skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity, weight loss, obesity, prognostic factors, inflammatory markers
- MeSH terms
- Cachexia, Humans, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Prognosis, Weight Loss, Prevalence, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal, Sarcopenia
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