CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 60Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmiasCardiac Arrhythmias and TreatmentsCardiac pacing and defibrillation studies

Animal models of ventricular arrhythmias

Hamlin, Robert L.·2007·Pharmacology & Therapeutics
DOI 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.08.006
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Limitations in understanding of arrhythmias stem from lack of animal models which serve as surrogates for man. The purpose of this review is to discuss iatrogenic and naturally occurring animal models that are useful in our understanding of the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmia and of antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic agents. It is not surprising however that some information obtained from studies on infrahuman mammals may not be extrapolated to man. Need for anesthesia affects profoundly the electrophysiology of the heart, including autonomic affects. Most of the animal are modification of the Harris' 2-stage model. A model proposed by Schwartz, Billman and Stone has evolved as one that produces arguably the most information on the pathophysiology of arrhythmia production, including the role of the autonomic nervous system and the interaction with pharmacological agents. Intoxication with digitalis and escalating doses of epinephrine are commonly used models for production of ventricular arrhythmias. No matter what model of ventricular arrhythmias is used, programmed electrical stimulation can be useful to uncover increased tendency for arrhythmia, even if no arrhythmia occurs spontaneously. Models of spontaneous ventricular arrhythmia occur in German shepherd puppies, Boxer dogs, Doberman pinchers with dilated cardiomyopathy, and in large dogs with gastric dilatation or splenic torsion. Models are necessary because they allow for controlled studies and methods of exploration impossible, for legal and ethical reasons, in humans. Nonetheless, ethical considerations in using animal models are still important, and there is a continual search for non-animal models to explore ventricular arrhythmias.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.08.006

Cites

122 of 122 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • There is a high degree of resemblance between human and canine sino-atrial node activity and structure, purkinje fiber distribution, and activation sequence.

    “there is a high degree of resemblance between human and canine sino-atrial (SA) node activity and structure (Review: (Fedorov, Glukhov, & Chang, 2012)), purkinje fiber distribution, and activation sequence (Allison, et al., 2007; Hamlin, 2007).”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Hamlin, 2007

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Hamlin, R. L.
Affiliations
The Ohio State University (US)
Corresponding author
Hamlin, Robert L.
ORCID
Hamlin, Robert L.
Venue
Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-02
Volume
113
Issue
2
Pages
276-295
ISSN
0163-7258 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.08.006
OpenAlex
W2037714257
Cited by
60
References
121
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
FWCI
0.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Keywords
ventricular arrhythmias, animal models, antiarrhythmic drugs, autonomic nervous system, programmed electrical stimulation, digitalis toxicity, epinephrine, dilated cardiomyopathy, gastric dilatation, splenic torsion, animal ethics, non-animal models
MeSH terms
Anesthesia, Animals, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Disease Models, Animal, Electrocardiography, Electrophysiology, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Myocardial Ischemia

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review