Tracking progress on antimicrobial resistance by the quadripartite country self-assessment survey (TrACSS) in G7 countries, 2017–2023: opportunities and gaps
Open accessAbstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses serious challenges to the healthcare systems worldwide. Multiple factors and activities contribute to the development and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. Monitoring progress in combating AMR is fundamental at both global and national levels to drive multisectoral actions, identify priorities, and coordinate strategies. Since 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) has collected data through the Tracking AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey (TrACSS). TrACSS data are published in a publicly-available database. In 2023, 71 (59.9%) out of 177 responding countries reported the existence of a monitoring and evaluation plan for their National Action Plan (NAP) on AMR, and just 20 countries (11.3%) the allocation of funding to support NAP implementation. Countries reported challenges including limited financial and human resources, lack of technical capacity, and variable political commitment. Even across the Group of Seven (G7) countries, which represent some of the world's most advanced economies, many areas still need improvement, such as full implementation of infection prevention and control measures, adoption of WHO access/watch/reserve (AWaRe) classification of antibiotics, effective integration of laboratories in AMR surveillance in the animal health and food safety sectors, training and education, good manufacturing and hygiene practices in food processing, optimising pesticides use and environmental residues of antimicrobial drugs. Continuous and coordinated efforts are needed to strengthen multisectoral engagement to fight AMR.
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In 2023, 59.9% of countries that participated in the quadripartite self-assessment survey reported having a monitoring and evaluation plan in place for their National Action Plan on AMR, with only 11.3% of countries funding the implementation of their National Action Plans due to limited financial or human resources, insufficient capacity, and varying levels of political support.
“A recent study showed that in 2023, 59·9% of countries that participated in the quadripartite self-assessment survey reported having a monitoring and evaluation plan in place for their National Action Plan on AMR—with only 11·3% of countries funding the implementation of their National Action Plans due to limited financial or human resources, insufficient capacity, and varying levels of political”
From Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050 (2024) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Sabbatucci, M., Ashiru-Oredope, D., Barbier, L., Bohin, E., Bou-Antoun, S., Brown, C., Clarici, A., Fuentes, C., Goto, T., Maraglino, F., Morin, J., Rönnefahrt, I., Sanwidi, A., Triggs-Hodge, C., Vitiello, A., Zovi, A., Gelormini, M., & Lo Fo Wong, D.
- Affiliations
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
- Ministère de la Transition écologique et de la Cohésion des territoires (FR)
- Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté alimentaire (FR)
- UK Health Security Agency (GB)
- Federal Ministry of Health (DE)
- Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (JP)
- Ministero della Salute (IT)
- Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz, nukleare Sicherheit und Verbraucherschutz (DE)
- Bundesministerium für Landwirtschaft, Ernährung und Heimat (DE)
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Sabbatucci, Michela
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pharmacological Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-06
- Volume
- 204
- Pages
- 107188
- ISSN
- 1043-6618 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11156590
- OpenAlex
- W4396609039
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 7
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Pharmacological Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- antimicrobial resistance, G7 countries, infection control, AWaRe classification, antimicrobial resistance surveillance, food safety, animal health, pesticide use, political commitment, capacity building
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self-Assessment, Global Health, World Health Organization, Drug Resistance, Bacterial
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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