Dependency distance: a new perspective on the syntactic development in second language acquisition
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Dependency grammar is more suitable for researching language acquisition for learner language involving syntactic mistakes.
“In addition, dependency grammar has been shown to be more suitable for researching language acquisition for learner language involving syntactic mistakes (Jiang and Ouyang, 2017).”
From Syntactic Networks of Interlanguage Across L2 Modalities and Proficiency Levels (2021) · cites this paper as Jiang and Ouyang, 2017
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Dependency distance measures in assessing L2 writing proficiency
Ouyang, J., Jiang, J., & Liu, H. (2022) · Assessing Writing: An International Journal · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2021.100603 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationOuyang, J., & Jiang, J. (2017) · Journal of Quantitative Linguistics · doi:10.1080/09296174.2017.1373991 · Cited by 45
“As a kind of natural language, theoretically, the syntactic complexity of a second language learners’ interlanguage can also be measured by dependency distance (Jiang & Ouyang, 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationNormalized Dependency Distance: Proposing a New Measure
Lei, L., & Jockers, M. L. (2018) · Journal of Quantitative Linguistics · doi:10.1080/09296174.2018.1504615 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“As previously discussed, if MDD is to serve as a measure of syntactic complexity which is con fi ned by the limited capacity of human working memory (Jiang & Ouyang, 2017; Liu, 2007, 2008, 2009), and if NDD is also such a similar measure, then NDD is most likely to follow the probability…”
BackgroundDoes scale-free syntactic network emerge in second language learning?
Jiang, J., Yu, W., & Liu, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00925 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“First, dependency grammar is shown to be more suitable for the research of language acquisition for learner language involving syntactic mistakes (Jiang and Ouyang, 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLiu, X., Zhu, H., & Lei, L. (2022) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-022-01447-3 · Cited by 24
“Dependency distance has attracted considerable attention and has been widely explored in areas such as typological analysis of languages (Liu, 2010; Liu and Xu, 2011), second language studies (Jiang and Ouyang, 2017; Ouyang and Jiang, 2018), and codeswitching and interpreting research (Wang and Liu, 2013, 2016; Jiang…”
BackgroundZhu, H., Liu, X., & Pang, N.-N. (2022) · Lingua · doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2022.103307 · Cited by 17
Hao, Y.-X., Wang, X., & Lin, Y. (2021) · Journal of Quantitative Linguistics · doi:10.1080/09296174.2021.1991684 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Consequently, the current study follows Jiang and Ouyang (2017), Ouyang and Jiang (2018), further investigating the validity of MDD rather than MHD as a metric of Chinese interlanguage development.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialA Corpus-Based Study of the Dependency Distance Differences in English Academic Writing
Gao, N., & He, Q.-S. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231198408 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Mean dependency distance (MDD) is an essential index for predicting syntactic difficulty and writing proficiency (Jiang & Ouyang, 2017, 2018; Liu et al., 2017; Ouyang et al., 2022).”
BackgroundBeyond Length: Investigating Dependency Distance Across L2 Modalities and Proficiency Levels
Yan, H., & Li, Y. (2019) · Open Linguistics · doi:10.1515/opli-2019-0033 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Komori, S., Sugiura, M., & Li, W. (2019) · Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Dependency Linguistics (Depling, SyntaxFest 2019) · doi:10.18653/v1/w19-7715 · Cited by 10
Syntactic Networks of Interlanguage Across L2 Modalities and Proficiency Levels
Hao, Y., Wang, X., Wu, M., & Liu, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643120 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“In addition, dependency grammar has been shown to be more suitable for researching language acquisition for learner language involving syntactic mistakes (Jiang and Ouyang, 2017).”
BackgroundGao, J., & Sun, P. (2024) · International Journal of Bilingualism · doi:10.1177/13670069241240936 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Syntactic and Pragmatic Functions of Chinese-English Bilingual Children’s Code-Switching
Wang, L. (2024) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231200160 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“And based on the self-built second language dependency treebank, Jiang and Ouyang (2017b) found that the mean dependency distance of interlanguage increases significantly across nine consecutive grades and the MDD of high-level learners doesn’t reach the level of English native speakers.”
Yang, X., & Li, W. (2023) · International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching · doi:10.1515/iral-2023-0010 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Xu, C.-S., Liang, J.-Y., & Liu, H. (2017) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2017.07.001 · Cited by 4
Syntactic complexity and L2 Chinese proficiency: An analysis of Malaysian CSL learners’ writing
Zhu, Z., & Xiong, W. (2025) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101242 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Yu, J., Han, S., & Dong, Z.-Q. (2022) · Oriental COCOSDA International Conference on Speech Database and Assessments · doi:10.1109/o-cocosda202257103.2022.9997882
Sun, H.-Z., Fang, S.-H., & Pae, H. K. (2022) · Assessing Writing: An International Journal · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2021.100588
A Quantitative Study of Different Academic Genres of Native English Speakers
Zhou, W.-T. (2024) · Modern Linguistics · doi:10.12677/ml.2024.122115
- Authors
- Jiang, J., & Ouyang, J.
- Affiliations
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Jiang, Jingyang
- Venue
- Physics of Life Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 21
- Pages
- 209-210
- ISSN
- 1571-0645 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2630410353
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physics of Life Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- dependency distance, syntactic development, second language acquisition, syntactic bootstrapping, syntactic priming
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Language, Language Development, Linguistics
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