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Dendritic spine actin cytoskeleton in autism spectrum disorder
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that form the postsynaptic part of most excitatory synapses. Changes in the shape and size of dendritic spines correlate with the functional changes in excitatory synapses and are heavily dependent on the remodeling of the underlying actin cytoskeleton. Recent evidence implicates synapses at dendritic spines as important substrates of pathogenesis in neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although synaptic perturbations are not the only alterations relevant for these diseases, understanding the molecular underpinnings of the spine and synapse pathology may provide insight into their etiologies and could reveal new drug targets. In this review, we will discuss recent findings of defective actin regulation in dendritic spines associated with ASD.
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“ASD exhibits a strong genetic basis, and increasing evidence from inherited and de novo gene variations suggests a notable convergence on synapse pathophysiology in ASD, particularly dysfunction of excitatory synaptic transmission 1, 2.”
From Autism-like social deficit generated by Dock4 deficiency is rescued by restoration of Rac1 activity and NMDA receptor function. (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Joensuu, M., Lanoue, V., & Hotulainen, P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Minerva Foundation (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Hotulainen, Pirta
- Venue
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- Pt B
- Pages
- 362-381
- ISSN
- 0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2751324602
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 341
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10
- FWCI
- 0.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Academy of Finland (298124)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, actin cytoskeleton, autism spectrum disorder, excitatory synapses, synaptic plasticity, actin regulation, neuropsychiatric disorders, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Animals, Humans, Actin Cytoskeleton, Synapses, Dendritic Spines
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