Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 221

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Temperature and light intensity effects on photodegradation of high-density polyethylene

Open access
Fairbrother, Andrew, Hsueh, Hsiang-Chun, Kim, Jae Hyun, Jacobs, Deborah, Perry, Lakesha, Goodwin, David, White, Christopher, Watson, Stephanie, Sung, Li-Piin·2019·Polymer Degradation and Stability
DOI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.002
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The photodegradation of polymers poses a serious challenge to their outdoor application, and results in significant financial loss due to early or unexpected system failure. A better understanding of their degradation kinetics aids the improvement of materials and systems. However, most work to date on many polymeric materials focuses on only one or a few exposure conditions which are pertinent to typical environmental ambients. Here the model polyolefin system of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was exposed under controlled laboratory conditions to a range of temperatures (30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C) and ultraviolet (UV) light intensities (153 W m−2, 61 W m−2, 38 W m−2, 15 W m−2, 8 W m−2, and 0 W m−2). Changes to the mechanical, chemical, and structural properties were monitored by uniaxial tensile testing and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which showed that the rapid embrittlement of HDPE was concurrent with increases in yield strength, stiffness, oxidation, and crystallinity. The rates of change tended to increase under more aggressive exposure conditions, and the photothermal activation energies and UV dose-damage relationships for these properties were determined. A comparison to HDPE under outdoor exposure in southern Florida shows a similar magnitude of material change up to the point of embrittlement, despite the differences in spectral irradiance and the constantly changing outdoor conditions. These results quantify the effect of temperature and UV light intensity on the photodegradation of HDPE and can be utilized to develop stabilization strategies for these and related thermoplastic materials.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.002

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Research works printed but not linked: 37

  1. White, 2006, Polymer ageing: physics, chemistry or engineering? Time to reflect, Compt. Rendus Chem., 9, 1396
  2. Jabarin, 1994, Photooxidative effects on properties and structure of high-density polyethylene, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 53, 411, 10.1002/app.1994.070530404 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Francois-Heude, 2014, Influence of temperature, UV-light wavelength and intensity on polypropylene photothermal oxidation, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 100, 10, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.038 · DOI
  4. Heacock, 1968, Photodegradation of polyethylene film, J. Polym. Sci. Part Polym. Chem., 6, 2921, 10.1002/pol.1968.150061019 · DOI
  5. Akay, 1980, A study of degradation of low density polyethylene under natural weathering conditions, Eur. Polym. J., 16, 601, 10.1016/0014-3057(80)90095-6 · DOI
  6. Gugumus, 1990, Contribution to the photolysis of hydroperoxides in polyethylene, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 27, 19, 10.1016/0141-3910(90)90094-N · DOI
  7. Carvalho, 1992, The kinetics of photo-oxidation of low-density polyethylene films, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 567, 10.1002/pen.760320808 · doi:10.1002/pen.760320808
  8. Cruz-Pinto, 1994, The kinetics and mechanism of polyethylene photo-oxidation, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 216, 113
  9. Winslow, 1966, Autoxidation of semicrystalline polyethylene, Polym. Eng. Sci., 6, 273, 10.1002/pen.760060317 · DOI
  10. Blais, 1972, Surface changes during polypropylene photo-oxidation: a study by infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy, J. Polym. Sci. Part Polym. Chem., 10, 1077, 10.1002/pol.1972.150100412 · DOI
  11. Tong, 1997, Residual stress distribution modification caused by weathering in polypropylene and polystyrene, Polym. Eng. Sci., 37, 321, 10.1002/pen.11674 · doi:10.1002/pen.11674
  12. Carrasco, 1996, FTIR and DSC study of HDPE structural changes and mechanical properties variation when exposed to weathering aging during Canadian winter, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 153, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960411)60:2<153::AID-APP2>3.0.CO;2-R · DOI
  13. La Mantia, 1977, Natural weathering of low density polyethylene—I: structural modifications, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 23, 699
  14. Pabiot, 1981, The change in mechanical behavior of linear polymers during photochemical aging, Polym. Eng. Sci., 21, 32, 10.1002/pen.760210106 · DOI
  15. Lustiger, 1987, The role of crazes in the crack growth of polyethylene, J. Mater. Sci., 22, 2470, 10.1007/BF01082132 · doi:10.1007/bf01082132
  16. Schoolenberg, 1988, A fracture mechanics approach to the effects of UV-degradation on polypropylene, J. Mater. Sci., 23, 1580, 10.1007/BF01115695 · doi:10.1007/bf01115695
  17. Jordens, 2000, The influence of molecular weight and thermal history on the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of metallocene-catalyzed linear polyethylenes, Polymer, 41, 7175, 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00073-2 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Khelidj, 2006, Oxidation of polyethylene under irradiation at low temperature and low dose rate. Part II. Low temperature thermal oxidation, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 91, 1598, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.09.012 · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.09.012
  19. Bigger, 1992, Effect of light intensity on the photooxidation kinetics of high-density polyethylene, J. Polym. Sci. Part Polym. Chem., 30, 2277, 10.1002/pola.1992.080301025 · doi:10.1002/pola.1992.080301025
  20. Philippart, 1997, Influence of light intensity on the photooxidation of polypropylene, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 58, 261, 10.1016/S0141-3910(97)00056-6 · doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00056-6
  21. Philippart, 1999, Influence of the exposure parameters on the mechanism of photooxidation of polypropylene, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 64, 213, 10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00191-8 · DOI
  22. Martin, 2003, Reciprocity law experiments in polymeric photodegradation: a critical review, Prog. Org. Coating, 47, 292, 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2003.08.002 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Chin, 2005, Validation of the reciprocity law for coating photodegradation, JCT Res, 2, 499
  24. Kollmann, 1980, The effect of variations in light intensity on the photo-oxidation of polypropylene, Polym. Eng. Sci., 20, 684, 10.1002/pen.760201009 · doi:10.1002/pen.760201009
  25. Chin, 2004, Accelerated UV weathering device based on integrating sphere technology, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 75, 4951, 10.1063/1.1808916 · doi:10.1063/1.1808916
  26. Gueymard, 2002, Proposed reference irradiance spectra for solar energy systems testing, Sol. Energy, 73, 443, 10.1016/S0038-092X(03)00005-7 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Pickett, 2008, Effects of irradiation conditions on the weathering of engineering thermoplastics, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 93, 1597, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.02.009 · DOI
  28. Zerbi, 1989, Structural depth profiling in polyethylene films by multiple internal reflection infra-red spectroscopy, Polymer, 30, 2324, 10.1016/0032-3861(89)90269-3 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Salvalaggio, 2006, Multi-component analysis of low-density polyethylene oxidative degradation, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 91, 2775, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.03.024 · DOI
  30. Becerra, 2017, UV effects on the tensile and creep behaviour of HDPE, Polym. Polym. Compos., 25, 327
  31. Pickett, 2009, Sample temperatures during outdoor and laboratory weathering exposures, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 94, 189, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.11.005 · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.11.005
  32. Achimsky, 1997, On a transition at 80 °C in polypropylene oxidation kinetics, Polym. Degrad. Stabil, 58, 283, 10.1016/S0141-3910(97)00059-1 · doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00059-1
  33. Gugumus, 1999, Effect of temperature on the lifetime of stabilized and unstabilized PP films, Polym. Degrad. Stabil, 63, 41, 10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00059-7 · DOI
  34. Hadis, 2011, High irradiance curing and anomalies of exposure reciprocity law in resin-based materials, J. Dent., 39, 549
  35. Satoto, 1997, Weathering of high-density polyethylene in different latitudes, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 56, 275, 10.1016/S0141-3910(96)00213-3 · DOI
  36. Geetha, 1987, Photo-oxidative degradation of polyethylene: effect of polymer characteristics on chemical changes and mechanical properties. Part 1—quenched polyethylene, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 19, 279, 10.1016/0141-3910(87)90061-9 · DOI
  37. Gulmine, 2003, Degradation profile of polyethylene after artificial accelerated weathering, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 79, 385, 10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00338-5 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 221

Metadata

Authors
Fairbrother, A., Hsueh, H.-C., Kim, J. H., Jacobs, D., Perry, L., Goodwin, D., White, C., Watson, S., & Sung, L.-P.
Venue
Polymer Degradation and Stability
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-07
Volume
165
Pages
153-160
ISSN
0141-3910 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.002
OpenAlex
W2944438037
Cited by
221
References
3
FWCI
6.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze
Licence
Funders
National Institute of Standards and Technology

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Temperature and light intensity effects on photodegradation of high-density polyethylene. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.002
The paper
Fairbrother, A., Hsueh, H.-C., Kim, J. H., Jacobs, D., Perry, L., Goodwin, D., White, C., Watson, S., & Sung, L.-P. (2019). Temperature and light intensity effects on photodegradation of high-density polyethylene. Polymer Degradation and Stability. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.002

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.