Comprehensive Approach to Efficient Planning of Formwork Utilization on the Construction Site
Open accessAbstract
The paper presents a consistent approach to concrete works planning, which begins with formwork selection and ends with project scheduling. To work out the problem of formwork selection, selected MCDA methods are recommended. In order to apply them, the decisive criteria were recognized with a structured survey sent to contractors. The efficiency of formwork utilization is measured with a virtual cost of formwork under utilization, so when the formwork is available on the construction site but remains unused or when it should be struck but remains unremoved from the construction. Such measure was determined, after having analysed various criteria of schedule quality and optimality assessment.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Formwork is the predominant expenditure in reinforced concrete construction, comprising up to 60% of the unit cost of the RC structure and as much as 15% of total construction costs.
“Formwork constitutes the predominant expenditure in reinforced concrete (RC) construction, possibly comprising up to 60% of the unit cost of the RC structure and accounting for as much as 15% of the total construction costs [2,3].”
From Assessment of Sustainable Hybrid Formwork Systems Using Life Cycle Assessment and the Wear-Out Coefficient—A Case Study (2025) · cites this paper as [3]
The Introduction (page unavailable) calls formwork the largest single cost component of a concrete building’s structural frame. It gives an average of 35–45% of a reinforced-concrete structure’s unit cost and says the figure can reach 60% for civil engineering structures specifically. The paper does not support the claimed 15% of total construction costs. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Peurifoy RL, Oberlender GD. Formwork for concrete structures. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.
- Krawczyńska-Piechna A. Interaktywna metoda planowania robót betonowych z analizą wykorzystania deskowań systemowych [An interactive method for concrete works planning with formwork utilization's efficiency analysis]. PhD Thesis. Warsaw University of Technology; 2016.
- Krawczyńska-Piechna A. Application of TOPSIS method in formwork selection problem. Applied Mechanics and Materials 2015;797:101-107.
- Marcinkowski R, Krawczyńska A. Wybór systemu i planowanie wykorzystania deskowań w wykonawstwie monolitycznych konstrukcji betonowych [Formwork selection and formwork utilization planning in monolithic concrete works performance]. Przegląd Budowalny 2009;3:53-59.
- Biruk S, Jaśkowski P. Dobór elementów deskowania ścian z uwzględnieniem kryteriów ekonomicznych [Economic criteria for the selection of wall formwork]. Budownictwo i Architektura 2013;12(1):7-14.
- Hanna AS, Willenbrock JH, Sanvido VE. Knowledge acquisition and development for formwork selection system. J Construction Engineering and Management 1992;118(1):179-198.
- Kamarthi SV, Sanvido VE, Kumara SR. Neuroform -neural network system for vertical formwork selection. Computing in Civil Engineering 1992;6(2):178-193.
- Proverbs DG, Holt GD, Olomolaiye PO. Construction resource/method factors influencing productivity for high rise concrete construction. Construction Management and Economics 1999;17:577-587.
- Elbeltagi E, et al. Selection of slab formwork system using fuzzy logic. Construction Management and Economics 2011;29:659-670.
- Shin Y, et al. Application of Ada Boost to the retaining wall method selection in construction. J Computing in Civil Engineering 2009;23:188- 192.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Baskaran, D., Chockkalingam, U., & Senthil Muthalvan, R. (2025) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings15101630 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Krawczyńska-Piechna, A.
- Venue
- Procedia Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017
- Volume
- 182
- Pages
- 366-372
- ISSN
- 1877-7058 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2606167076
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 2.41
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Procedia Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Construction Project Management and Performance
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › BIM and Construction Integration
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Construction Engineering and Safety
- Keywords
- formwork selection, multi-criteria decision making, construction scheduling, construction site efficiency
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
