The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Differences in facial expressions of four universal emotions
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ekman, P., & Rosenberg, E. L. (2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179644.001.0001 · Cited by 1,941
Ekman, P. (1975) · Cited by 1,565
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Darwin, C. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139833813 · Cited by 1,346
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Darwin, C., & Lorenz, K. (1965) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226220802.001.0001 · Cited by 1,271
Eibl‐Eibesfeldt, I. (1970) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 1,053
Felt, false, and miserable smiles
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1982) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987191 · Cited by 1,027
Facial Emotion Recognition in Schizophrenia: Intensity Effects and Error Pattern
Kohler, C. G., Turner, T. H., Bilker, W. B., Brensinger, C. M., Siegel, S. J., Kanes, S. J., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1768 · Cited by 781
Self-citationGur, R. C., Sara, R., Hagendoorn, M., Marom, O., Hughett, P., Macy, L., Turner, T., Bajcsy, R., Posner, A., & Gur, R. E. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00006-7 · Cited by 647
Self-citationAn fMRI Study of Facial Emotion Processing in Patients With Schizophrenia
Gur, R. E., McGrath, C., Chan, R. M., Schroeder, L., Turner, T., Turetsky, B. I., Kohler, C., Alsop, D., Maldjian, J., Ragland, J. D., et al. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.12.1992 · Cited by 511
Self-citationEmotions Are Expressed More Intensely on the Left Side of the Face
Sackeim, H. A., Gur, R. C., & Saucy, M. C. (1978) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.705335 · Cited by 489
Self-citation
Cited by
Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2009) · Handbook of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511546396.025 · Cited by 1,044
Compound facial expressions of emotion
Du, S., Tao, Y., & Martinez, A. M. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1322355111 · Cited by 806
Perceptual and affective mechanisms in facial expression recognition: An integrative review
Calvo, M. G., & Nummenmaa, L. (2016) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2015.1049124 · Cited by 292
Corden, B., Chilvers, R., & Skuse, D. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.08.005 · Cited by 290
Understanding chimpanzee facial expression: insights into the evolution of communication
Parr, L. A., & Waller, B. M. (2006) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsl031 · Cited by 160
Metadata
- Authors
- Kohler, C. G., Turner, T., Stolar, N. M., Bilker, W. B., Brensinger, C. M., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 235-244
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2066436980
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Differences in facial expressions of four universal emotions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.psychres.2004.07.003
- The paper
- Kohler, C. G., Turner, T., Stolar, N. M., Bilker, W. B., Brensinger, C. M., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C. (2004). Differences in facial expressions of four universal emotions. Psychiatry Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2004.07.003
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
