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The effect of implementation intention on prospective memory: A systematic and meta-analytic review

Chen, Xing-jie, Wang, Ya, Liu, Lu-lu, Cui, Ji-fang, Gan, Ming-yuan, Shum, David H.K., Chan, Raymond C.K.·2015·Psychiatry Research
DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.011
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Abstract

Prospective memory (PM) refers to remembering to perform a planned action at a future time. Implementation intention is an encoding method in the form of "if situation Y is encountered, then I will initiate the goal-directed behavior X". It has been applied to improve PM performances. The present study conducted a systematic and meta-analytic review on the effect and mechanism of implementation intention on PM. In the meta-analysis, 36 comparisons were included. The results showed that for healthy young adults, the overall effect of implementation intention in improving PM performances was significant with a medium effect size (d = 0.445). The combined verbal and imagery form of implementation intention had a relatively larger effect size (d = 0.590). For older adults, implementation intention had a medium to large effect size on their PM performances (d = 0.680). As for the mechanism, implementation intention seemed to reduce ongoing task performances in young adults as reflected by longer reaction time (d = 0.224) though the effect size was small. The present study supports the positive effect of implementation intention on PM. The mechanism and potential implications of this promising strategy especially for clinical/sub-clinical people are discussed.

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Research works printed but not linked: 43

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Metadata

Authors
Chen, X.-J., Wang, Y., Liu, L.-L., Cui, J.-F., Gan, M.-Y., Shum, D. H. K., & Chan, R. C. K.
Venue
Psychiatry Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-03
Volume
226
Issue
1
Pages
14-22
ISSN
0165-1781
DOI
10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.011
Cited by
80
References
5
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Funders
  • Key Laboratory of Mental Health
  • Institute of Psychology
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences (113000C136)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (#30900403)
  • Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y1CX131003)
  • CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Programme for Creative Research Teams (Y2CX131003)

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