Apologies combined with other crisis response strategies: Do the fulfillment of individuals' needs to be heard and the timing of response message affect apology appropriateness?
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Goodwin, C., & Ross, I. (1992) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/0148-2963(92)90014-3 · Cited by 777 · see citing works
Responding to a Health Crisis on Facebook: The Effects of Response Timing and Message Appeal
Huang, Y., & DiStaso, M. (2020) · Public Relations Review · doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101909 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
AI apology: a critical review of apology in AI systems
Harland, H., Dazeley, R., Senaratne, H., Vamplew, P., Cruz, F., & Nakisa, B. (2025) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11305-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Im, W. J., Youk, S., & Park, H. S.
- Affiliations
- Korea University (KR)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Hee Sun
- Venue
- Public Relations Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 102002
- ISSN
- 0363-8111 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3110771149
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Public Relations Review (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Korea University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Public Relations and Crisis Communication
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Identity and Reputation
- Social Sciences › Communication › Communication Studies and Media
- Keywords
- apology, crisis response, Situational Crisis Communication Theory, compensation, scapegoating, stakeholder needs, organizational crisis communication
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review