CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 43Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding IssuesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Emerging cognitive profiles in high-risk infants with and without autism spectrum disorder

Open access
Brian, A. Jessica, Roncadin, C., Duku, E., Bryson, S.E., Smith, I.M., Roberts, W., Szatmari, P., Drmic, I. +1 more·2014·Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.021
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

This paper examined early developmental trajectories in a large, longitudinal sample at high-risk for ASD (‘HR’) and low-risk (‘LR’) controls, and the association of trajectories with 3-year diagnosis. Developmental assessments were conducted at 6, 12, 24 months, and 3 years, with blinded “clinical best-estimate” expert diagnosis at age 3. HR infants were enrolled based only on familial risk. LR infants, from community sources, had no first- or second-degree ASD relatives. All infants were born at 36–42 weeks, weighing ≥2500 g, with no identifiable neurological, genetic, or severe sensory/motor disorders. Analytic phase I: semi-parametric group-based modeling to identify distinct developmental trajectories (n = 680; 487 HR; 193 LR); phase II: Trajectory membership in relation to 3-year diagnosis (n = 424; 310 HR; 114 LR). Three distinct trajectories emerged (1) inclining; (2) stable-average; (3) declining; trajectory membership predicted diagnosis (χ2 = 99.40; p < .001). Most ASD cases were in stable-average (50.6%) or declining trajectories (33.8%); most non-ASD-HR infants were in inclining (51.9%) or stable-average (40.3%) trajectories. The majority of LR controls were in the inclining trajectory (78.9%). Within the declining trajectory, over half had ASD (57.8%), but 40% were non-ASD-HR infants. Declining/plateauing raw scores were associated with, but not exclusive to, ASD. Findings underscore the importance of monitoring the emergence of ASD symptoms and overall development in high-risk children. Evidence of developmental slowing or decline may be associated not only with ASD, but with other suboptimal outcomes, warranting careful clinical follow-up.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.021

Cites

12 of 12 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • For many children with ASD, regression may take the form of a subtle plateauing, loss of engagement, or failure to acquire more sophisticated social-communication skills as expected rather than an identifiable loss of actual skills.

    “For example, recent studies suggest that for many children with ASD, regression may take the form of a subtle plateauing, loss of engagement, or failure to acquire more sophisticated social-communication skills as expected rather than an identifiable loss of actual skills (e.g., Brian et al. 2014, Ozonoff et al. 2010).”

    From Recent Advances in Autism Research as Reflected in DSM-5 Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Brian et al. 2014

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Brian, A. J., Roncadin, C., Duku, E., Bryson, S. E., Smith, I. M., Roberts, W., Szatmari, P., Drmic, I., & Zwaigenbaum, L.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • McMaster University (CA)
  • Dalhousie University (CA)
  • Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
  • University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author
Brian, A. Jessica
ORCID
Venue
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-11
Volume
8
Issue
11
Pages
1557-1566
ISSN
  • 1878-0237 (ISSN-L)
  • 1750-9467
DOI
10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.021
OpenAlex
W1975893854
Cited by
43
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3
FWCI
1.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Research in Autism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, familial risk, developmental trajectories, cognitive development, high-risk infants, early diagnosis, developmental decline, child development monitoring, group-based trajectory modeling

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review