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Cited by 18Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyComparative Animal Anatomy StudiesPhysiological and biochemical adaptations

The effects of saltwater acclimation on neurotransmitters in the lingual salt glands of the estuarine crocodile, Crocodylus porosus

Cramp, Rebecca L., Hudson, Nicholas J., Holmberg, Anna, Holmgren, Susanne, Franklin, Craig E.·2007·Regulatory Peptides
DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2006.11.011
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Abstract

Introduction Most avian and reptilian salt glands display marked phenotypic plasticity when animals are exposed to hyperosmotic conditions. In addition, the activity of most salt glands is under considerable control by the nervous system and nerves containing cholinergic, adrenergic and peptidergic neurotransmitters have been identified in avian and reptilian salt gland tissues. The present study sought to determine whether the salt glands of the estuarine crocodile, Crocodylus porosus contain the peptidergic neurotransmitters SP, CGRP, VIP, and PACAP and the gaseous neurotransmitter, NO. In addition, we sought to determine whether there was any evidence for the adaptation of the C. porosus salt gland nervous system to hyperosmotic conditions. Methods Salt glands from freshwater- and saltwater-acclimated C. porosus hatchlings were sectioned and examined immunohistochemically for neurotransmitters within the tissue. Results Neurons containing SP, CGRP, VIP, PACAP and NO synthase were identified within C. porosus salt glands. There was no difference in the overall number (density) of neurons within SW-acclimated tissues when compared with FW-acclimated animals. However, there was a significant reduction in density of neurons containing SP and PACAP in SW-acclimated animals. Conclusion C. porosus salt glands display phenotypic plasticity following exposure to hyperosmotic conditions. In addition to cholinergic and adrenergic neurons, they contain a variety of peptidergic neurotr…

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  • Crocodylus porosus possesses several morphological adaptations to live in hyperosmotic environments, including a highly keratinized buccal epithelium, functional lingual salt glands and behavioural strategies, more than other true crocodiles.

    “Even more than other true crocodiles, C. porosus possesses several morphological adaptations to live in hyperosmotic environments, including a highly keratinized buccal epithelium, functional lingual salt glands and behavioural strategies [61][62][63][64].”

    From Mitogenomic Crocodylia phylogeny and population structure of <i>Crocodylus porosus</i> including the extinct Seychelles crocodile (2026) · cites this paper as [63]

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Authors
Cramp, R. L., Hudson, N. J., Holmberg, A., Holmgren, S., & Franklin, C. E.
Affiliations
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
  • University of Gothenburg (SE)
Corresponding author
Franklin, Craig E.
ORCID
Venue
Regulatory Peptides
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-04
Volume
140
Issue
1-2
Pages
55-64
ISSN
0167-0115 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.regpep.2006.11.011
OpenAlex
W2056897611
Cited by
18
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Regulatory Peptides (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Queensland
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Physiological and biochemical adaptations
Keywords
estuarine crocodile, Crocodylus porosus, salt glands, hyperosmotic stress, phenotypic plasticity, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, PACAP, nitric oxide synthase, neuronal density, neural adaptation, hatchlings
MeSH terms
Acclimatization, Alligators and Crocodiles, Animals, Fresh Water, Immunohistochemistry, Salt Gland, Seawater, Substance P, Tubulin, Neurokinin A, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Neurotransmitter Agents, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide

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