Maintenance of CPR skills among nursing students trained using resuscitation quality Improvement® program.
Open accessAbstract
Background: The Resuscitation Quality Improvement® (RQI) program is a competency-based approach that provides low dose, high frequency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills training. Limited research has evaluated its effectiveness with nursing students who need to be prepared to respond to cardiopulmonary emergencies despite their student status and to be competent in CPR as they transition into practice. Objective: The objective of this multisite longitudinal study was to examine the maintenance of adult and infant compressions and ventilation skills by nursing students at 3 and 6 months following practice with real-time feedback using the RQI® program. Methods: The effectiveness of brief practice of CPR skills at the RQI® simulation station on the maintenance of skills was analyzed with 238 nursing students from six universities across the United States. Participants completed three practice sessions, at baseline (month 0), 3 months, and 6 months. At baseline, they performed compressions and ventilation with a bag-valve mask on adult and infant manikins without feedback (pretest), followed immediately by a session integrating real-time, objective feedback (both audio and visual) on their performance. CPR practice on the manikins with feedback on performance was then repeated every 3 months. Results: Practicing CPR skills at the RQI® simulation station every 3 months with real-time feedback enabled participants to maintain their compression and ventilation skills and improve them from baseline (month 0) to 6 months. There was no loss of skills among these participants. Median scores on the first attempt to compress and ventilate stayed above the minimum 75 % overall score that learners must achieve to be considered an adequate performance. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that brief practice of CPR skills at the RQI® simulation station every 3 months with real-time feedback was highly effective for maintaining students' competence in compressions and ventilation. Once the RQI® program is set up in a school, students could practice on their own as needed to maintain their skills.
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Low-dose, high-frequency Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) programs, delivering quarterly CPR practice sessions combined with real-time feedback, effectively maintain and even enhance students' compression and ventilation skills.
“Oermann et al. demonstrated that low-dose, high-frequency Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) programs, delivering quarterly CPR practice sessions combined with real-time feedback, effectively maintain and even enhance students’ compression and ventilation skills (27, 28).”
From Application effect of Miller’s pyramid teaching method based on HeartCode BLS in basic life support training for nursing students (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
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Research works printed but not linked: 17
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Xu, W., Cheng, F., Li, Z., & Wang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1863479
- Authors
- Oermann, M. H., VanRiel, Y. M., Wagner, R. W., Whittington, K. D., Baker, M., Stieve, D. E., Crane, P. C., & Vermeesch, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- North Carolina Central University (US)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (US)
- Purdue University Northwest (US)
- Michigan State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Oermann, Marilyn H.
- Venue
- Resuscitation Plus
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-12
- Volume
- 20
- Pages
- 100782
- ISSN
- 2666-5204 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11426146
- OpenAlex
- W4402589220
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 3
- FWCI
- 5.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Resuscitation Plus (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Keywords
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, nursing students, competency-based training, real-time feedback, simulation-based training, chest compression, ventilation, bag-valve-mask, mannequins, skill retention
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