The DOI matches its Crossref record; 135 of the 135 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The future of risk assessment
Open accessAbstract
Risk assessment must evolve for addressing the existing and future challenges, and considering the new systems and innovations that have already arrived in our lives and that are coming ahead. In this paper, I swing on the rapid changes and innovations that the World that we live in is experiencing, and analyze them with respect to the challenges that these pose to the field of risk assessment. Digitalization brings opportunities but with it comes also the complexity of cyber-phyiscal systems. Climate change and extreme natural events are increasingly threatening our infrastructures; terrorist and malevolent threats are posing severe concerns for the security of our systems and lives. These sources of hazard are extremely uncertain and, thus, difficult to describe and model quantitatively.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems
Holling, C. S. (1973) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245 · Cited by 18,995
Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments
Sacks, J., Welch, W. J., Mitchell, T. J., & Wynn, H. P. (1989) · Statistical Science · doi:10.1214/ss/1177012413 · Cited by 6,919
Monte Carlo Statistical Methods
Kim, H. (2000) · Technometrics · doi:10.1080/00401706.2000.10485722 · Cited by 5,508
A Framework to Quantitatively Assess and Enhance the Seismic Resilience of Communities
Bruneau, M., Chang, S. E., Eguchi, R. T., Lee, G. C., O'Rourke, T. D., Reinhorn, A. M., Shinozuka, M., Tierney, K., Wallace, W. A., & von Winterfeldt, D. (2003) · Earthquake Spectra · doi:10.1193/1.1623497 · Cited by 5,440
Cyber Physical Systems: Design Challenges
Lee, E. A. (2008) · 2008 11th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC) · doi:10.1109/isorc.2008.25 · Cited by 3,525
From Metaphor to Measurement: Resilience of What to What?
Carpenter, S., Walker, B., Anderies, J. M., & Abel, N. (2001) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-001-0045-9 · Cited by 3,496
The black swan: the impact of the highly improbable
(2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-1430 · Cited by 3,454
Simulation and the Monte Carlo Method
Rubinstein, R. Y., & Kroese, D. P. (2016) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118631980 · Cited by 3,356 · cited 1×
“For this, Monte Carlo (MC) methods of stochastic discrete event simulation have been generally accepted as a gold standard [88,106,122,166,228].”
MethodOn the quantitative definition of risk
Kaplan, S., & Garrick, B. J. (1981) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.1981.tb01350.x · Cited by 3,103
Simulation and the Monte Carlo Method
Rubinstein, R. Y., & Kroese, D. P. (2007) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9780470230381 · Cited by 2,454
Metadata
- Authors
- Zio, E.
- Venue
- Reliability Engineering & System Safety
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 177
- Pages
- 176-190
- ISSN
- 0951-8320 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2802621554
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 135
- FWCI
- 27.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The future of risk assessment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.ress.2018.04.020
- The paper
- Zio, E. (2018). The future of risk assessment. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2018.04.020
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
