Efficacy of gelatin sponge in the prevention of post-surgical intra-abdominal adhesion in a rat model
Abstract
Although different products have been developed to prevent post-surgical adhesion, their efficacy remains unsatisfactory. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the gelatin sponge in the prevention of post-surgical intra-abdominal adhesions in a rat model. Rats were randomly divided into sham, adhesion, and gelatin groups. All rats, except the sham group, underwent cecal abrasion to establish an adhesion model. After celiotomy, a sterile gelatin sponge was applied intra-abdominal on the abraded cecum in the gelatin group. Rats were sacrificed on day 14 post-surgery and intra-abdominal adhesions were evaluated and scored. Adhesion tissues were evaluated by histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analysis. Intra-abdominal adhesions were recorded in all rats of the adhesion group. Intra-abdominal application of gelatin sponge significantly (P < 0.001) reduced intra-abdominal adhesions by 91% in the gelatin group relative to the adhesion group. The histological analysis revealed a marked decrease (P < 0.001) in the inflammatory score and neovascularization in the gelatin group. The histochemical analysis found that gelatin sponge administration reduced adhesion formation and thickness of adhesion tissue. Moreover, gelatin sponge significantly (P < 0.0001) increased MMP-9 expression and decreased macrophage marker expression in adhesive tissue. This study revealed that the application of gelatin sponge markedly reduced the post-surgical intra-abdominal adhesions…
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In a rat model of post-surgical intra-abdominal adhesions, application of a commercially available gelatin sponge directly onto the abraded cecum reduced adhesion formation by 91% compared to untreated controls.
“Application of the gelatin sponge directly onto the abraded cecum reduced adhesion formation by 91% compared to untreated controls.”
From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Absorbable gelatin sponges are safe, bioactive physical barriers capable of modulating the postoperative healing environment to prevent intra-abdominal adhesions.
“These findings support the use of absorbable gelatin sponges as safe, bioactive physical barriers capable of modulating the postoperative healing environment to prevent intra-abdominal adhesions (Figure 2(D1–D5)) [48].”
From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Histological and histochemical analyses revealed significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, neovascularization, and collagen fiber deposition in the gelatin group (p < 0.001).
“Histological and histochemical analyses revealed significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, neovascularization, and collagen fiber deposition in the gelatin group (p < 0.001).”
From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Immunohistochemical staining showed a marked increase in MMP-9 expression and a decrease in macrophage marker (MAC387), suggesting enhanced fibrinolytic activity and suppression of inflammation as key mechanisms.
“Importantly, immunohistochemical staining showed a marked increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression and a decrease in macrophage marker (MAC387), suggesting enhanced fibrinolytic activity and the suppression of inflammation as key mechanisms.”
From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
Cites
Abdominal adhesions: Current and novel therapies
Ward, B. C., & Panitch, A. (2011) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2009.09.015 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
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Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering
Fazel Anvari-Yazdi, A., Badea, I., & Chen, X. (2025) · Gels · doi:10.3390/gels11060441 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ibrahim, A., Kamel, W. H., & Soliman, M.
- Affiliations
- Assiut University (EG)
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Ibrahim, Ahmed
- Venue
- Research in Veterinary Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-12
- Volume
- 152
- Pages
- 26-33
- ISSN
- 0034-5288 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4288045084
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Research in Veterinary Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Intestinal and Peritoneal Adhesions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Hernia repair and management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Surgical Sutures and Adhesives
- Keywords
- gelatin sponge, anti-adhesion barrier, MMP-9, macrophages, neovascularization, inflammation, rat model
- MeSH terms
- Tissue Adhesions, Adhesives, Animals, Cecum, Disease Models, Animal, Gelatin, Rats
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